Isolating and Manipulating DNA

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Isolating and Manipulating DNA

• Page 144

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• Genetic Engineering- is used to describe
  virtually all modifications of the DNA code of an
  organism.
• End result is making a protein

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Four steps to Genetic Engineering

• Identification of the molecules
• What living thing produces it
• Isolation of the instructions
• DNA sequence of gene

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Four steps to Genetic Engineering

• 3. Manipulation of the DNA instructions
• change them inside the cell or organism
• putting the DNA in another organism which makes
  in more easily, larger amounts, or more cheaply.

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Four steps to Genetic Engineering

• 4. Harvesting of the molecule, testing it, and
  marketing to the public.

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Methods DNA is manipulated

• Recombinant DNA Technology

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Recombinant DNA Technology

• Human Insulin (Eli Lily)
• t-PA (Activase by Genentech)
• Human Growth Hormone (Genentech)
• HER2 (Genentech)
• Chymosin (Genencor)

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Site Specific Mutagensis

• Process of inducing changes in certain sections
  of a particular DNA code.
• Occur by
• Chemicals
• Radiation
• Viruses
• Cause DNA to be added, deleted, or substituted.
• The protein subtilisin by Genencor
• Protein that worked in high pH

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Gene Therapy

• Process of correcting faulty DNA codes within an
  organism.
• Use a virus with normal gene inside.
• Gene therapies for disease like
• Diabetes
• Cystic fibrosis
• Some kinds of cancers