PowerPointesitys

1
Bottom-up Measurement and Verification of Energy
Efficiency Improvements National Regional
Examples
Monitoring of Energy Audits in Finland
Bottom-up since 1994 Heikki
Väisänen Ulla Suomi Ministry of
Trade and Industry Motiva Oy
European Parliament 3 March 2005
2
The Finnish Three Instrument Package
Monitoring boundaries
VA Coverage Public sector 58 of building
vol. Private service gov. bldg 25 of
building vol. Industry 85 of total energy
use
EA Coverage Municipalities 50 of building
vol. Private services 25 of building
vol. Industry 70 of electricity 60 of
heat and fuels
Voluntary agreements 1997-gt
Energy Audits 1992-gt
Subsidies 1992 EAs 1998 EEIs
1,5 TWh/a
Total effect approx. 5,0 TWh in 2002 (not 6,1)
3
Energy Audit Programme Main
figures by the end of 2004

• Total over 6200 buildings covered by the EA
  Programme
• Public sector 3600 buildings 60 million m3
• Private sector 1600 buildings 65 million m3
• Industry 1000 sites electricity 31
  TWh/a
• heat and fuels 70 TWh/a
• Total audit costs (1992-2004)
• 41 M, subsidy 19 M
• 4 M/a, subsidy 1,7 M/a (approx. level last 34
  years)
• EA database - MOTICOP (since 1994)
• 5000 statistically valid energy audit reports
  (31 building types)
• 33 000 energy saving measures (30 categories)
• 350 000 400 000 individual figures
• Average 110 subsidy applications/year
• Average 400 energy audit reports/year

4
I
Monitoring Process of Energy Audits
Energy Audit Clients
Energy Audit reports
Follow-up via questionnaire
Subsidy applications
1995 1996 1999
15 Regional EED Centres
Motiva
Follow-up via Voluntary Agreement reporting 2000

I
II
VAEA Clients
VA Database
EA Database
III
5
The 3-Phase Data Collection Process

• 1. Subsidy Application Document filed manually
• Basic data applicant (sector/branch) and the
  building (type, volume) or site (energy
  consumptions)
• Energy audit model applied, audit cost and
  subsidy, named energy auditors
• 2. Energy Audit Report filed via an Excel-file
• Basic data checked and updated
• TABLE 1 Energy water consumptions and TABLE 2
  Proposed measures
• 3. Follow-up transferred from VA database
• Implementation status of the proposed measures
  (TABLE 2)

CONS.
NO
6
I
Not only to get the figure 1 TWh/a
Data input process 57 months/a
Quality Control of EA Reports 610 months/a
Data verification automatic alarm
EA Database

• Ministries
• Media
• Clients
• Auditors
• Motiva
• EU

1½ months/a
Annual Report on Energy Audits
Specific Analysis

• 33.000 measures
• 30 categories
• 31 building types

1½ months/a
1 TWh/a
2 days work

Data verification and correction continuos process

7
Cumulative subsidy granted for energy audits and
cumulative audit costs during the period 1992-2004

8
Energy audit volumes in the service sector during
the period 1992-2004
14

Municipalities
Private sector
12,2
11,4
12
10,2
10
8
7,3
Building volume million m3
6,6
6,3
6,2
6
5,2
5,0
4,8
4,7
4,5
4,1
4,2
3,5
4
3,4
3,1
3,2
3,0
2,9
2,8
2,5
2,2
2,1
2
1,2
0,7
0
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
9
Total consumptions, energy costs, saving
potentials and investments in the public sector
1998-2003

Present consumption
MUNICIPAL SECTOR
Savings potential 1998-2003
923 buildings
Heat
765 425
MWh/a
97 191
MWh/a
12,7

23 230 718
/a
2 836 359
/a
12,2

Electricity
317 890
MWh/a
22 436
MWh/a
7,1

18 020 155
/a
1 658 763
/a
9,2

Water
2 718 666
3
195 431
3
7,2

m
/a
m
/a
5 817 833
/a
429 636
/a
7,4

Total consumptions
Total savings
Investments
47 068 706
/a
4 924 758
/a
10,5

7 354 105

10
The profitability of the proposed saving measures
in the service sector energy audits 1998-2003
(tot. 11,1 milj. )

11
The profitability of the proposed saving measures
in the industry and energy sector energy audits
1998-2003

12
Proposed energy saving measures in energy audits
during the period 19922003

Category of measure
Measures
Savings
Invest.
ROI
pcs.
1000 EUR
1000 EUR
a
1
Heating system
284
1 006
3 438
3,4
1.1
Heat production, district heating basic rates
900
2 119
2 553
1,2
1.2
Reduction of indoor temperature
1 617
1 480
2 479
1,7
1.3
Controls of the heating system
1 525
1 815
7 001
3,9
1.4
Tightness of the building envelope
171
268
1 123
4,2
1.5
Technical system insulations
200
284
581
2,0
2,5
Total of system
4 697
6 972
17 175
2
Ventilation system
446
1 781
6 415
3,6
2.1
Running hours
3 956
9 852
3 999
0,4
2.2
Reduction of air flows
682
1 911
2 795
1,5
2.3
Separation of service areas
122
369
980
2,7
2.4
Controls of the ventilation system
1 853
2 367
2 934
1,2
2.5
Heat-recovery
1 259
6 486
25 033
3,9
2.6
Night cooling ventilation
84
49
35
0,7
1,8
Total of system
8 402
22 814
42 192
3
Domestic water, Total of system
3 470
3 017
5 011
1,7
4
Electricity, Total of system
9 885
13 883
20 257
1,5
5
Cooling systems, Total of system
460
3 221
8 466
2,6
6
Construction, Total of system
484
957
3 465
3,6
7
51
226
395
1,7
Compressed air system, Total of system
8
Other energy saving measures
1 310
26 788
72 747
2,7
All proposed energy saving measures
28 759
77 879
169 708
2,2
13
Different Levels of Monitoring
Verified savings
Level VI Confirms the savings (a legal
commitment fulfilled)
Measured savings at site level
Level V - Know how much is saved (measurement
error)
1995
Theoretical savings of implemented measures
Level IV - Know how much approx. will be saved
1994
Saving Potentials based on proposed measures
Level III - Understand how much could be saved
1993
Level II - Know where the money is spent
Energy Audit Volumes
1992
Level I Just follow the money spent
Expenditure (e.g. subsidies for EAs)
14
,,, some comments

• On-site field conditions are far from
  laboratory conditions
• we need to be realistic, what can be measured
  and what not
• Small savings cannot be identified from the
  total consumption
• sometimes not worth while measuring at all
  just adjust the set point
• The end-user might not be interested to spend
  money on MV
• who will pay for the MV
• What is actually Bottom-up monitoring and what
  not?