Verbal and numerical reasoning

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Verbal and numerical reasoning
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1. Role and weight

• role to check logical reasoning ability

• mathematic statistic - ratio relationships
  numerical reasoning

• language knowledge language comprehension
  verbal reasoning

• no need to reason multiple choice

• weight

• must pass individually each test!

• most candidates fail here screening test

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2. Timing

• deliberate time pressure almost always lack of
  time

• app. one and a half minutes for a question

• verbal questions usually somewhat faster to solve

• priorities, order!

• last minute tips for unsolved questions (25
  chance)

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3. Verbal reasoning (1) - example
The EU protects by legislation certain product
names that are linked to a territory or to a
production method. Protected names are indicated
by a quality label. This system has various
advantages the protected names provide
substantial guarantees for consumers, who know
they are buying the product of guaranteed
authenticity, origin and quality, and
geographical indications and other quality labels
send an excellent marketing message about high
value-added products. Some products are
exceptional and deserve some explanation of where
they come from and how they are produced.
Consumers and the food trade are increasingly
interested in the geographical origin and other
characteristics of food products.
Which statement about the labels affixed to
protected product names is correct?
a) They indicate the exceptional nature of the
product.
b) They may indicate that the product comes from
a particular geographical area.
c) They do not necessarily imply that the product
is protected by EU legislation.
d) They apply to specific product names, sales of
which are declining.
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3. Verbal reasoning (2)

• always a paragraph long text

• usually more (2-3) questions to a given text

• identify relevant parts of the text

• all words count!

• solution often the substitution of some words
  by their synonyms

• incorrect answers often have flawed logical
  links or incorrect/superfluous information

• solve ONLY on the basis of the text, disregard
  background knowledge

• what can be excluded?

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3. Verbal reasoning (1) - example
The EU protects by legislation certain product
names that are linked to a territory or to a
production method. Protected names are indicated
by a quality label. This system has various
advantages the protected names provide
substantial guarantees for consumers, who know
they are buying the product of guaranteed
authenticity, origin and quality, and
geographical indications and other quality labels
send an excellent marketing message about high
value-added products. Some products are
exceptional and deserve some explanation of where
they come from and how they are produced.
Consumers and the food trade are increasingly
interested in the geographical origin and other
characteristics of food products.
The EU protects by legislation certain product
names that are linked to a territory or to a
production method. Protected names are indicated
by a quality label. This system has various
advantages the protected names provide
substantial guarantees for consumers, who know
they are buying the product of guaranteed
authenticity, origin and quality, and
geographical indications and other quality labels
send an excellent marketing message about high
value-added products. Some products are
exceptional and deserve some explanation of where
they come from and how they are produced.
Consumers and the food trade are increasingly
interested in the geographical origin and other
characteristics of food products.
The EU protects by legislation certain product
names that are linked to a territory or to a
production method. Protected names are indicated
by a quality label. This system has various
advantages the protected names provide
substantial guarantees for consumers, who know
they are buying the product of guaranteed
authenticity, origin and quality, and
geographical indications and other quality labels
send an excellent marketing message about high
value-added products. Some products are
exceptional and deserve some explanation of where
they come from and how they are produced.
Consumers and the food trade are increasingly
interested in the geographical origin and other
characteristics of food products.
The EU protects by legislation certain product
names that are linked to a territory or to a
production method. Protected names are indicated
by a quality label. This system has various
advantages the protected names provide
substantial guarantees for consumers, who know
they are buying the product of guaranteed
authenticity, origin and quality, and
geographical indications and other quality labels
send an excellent marketing message about high
value-added products. Some products are
exceptional and deserve some explanation of where
they come from and how they are produced.
Consumers and the food trade are increasingly
interested in the geographical origin and other
characteristics of food products.
The EU protects by legislation certain product
names that are linked to a territory or to a
production method. Protected names are indicated
by a quality label. This system has various
advantages the protected names provide
substantial guarantees for consumers, who know
they are buying the product of guaranteed
authenticity, origin and quality, and
geographical indications and other quality labels
send an excellent marketing message about high
value-added products. Some products are
exceptional and deserve some explanation of where
they come from and how they are produced.
Consumers and the food trade are increasingly
interested in the geographical origin and other
characteristics of food products.
Which statement about the labels affixed to
protected product names is correct?
Which statement about the labels affixed to
protected product names is correct?
Which statement about the labels affixed to
protected product names is correct?
Which statement about the labels affixed to
protected product names is correct?
Which statement about the labels affixed to
protected product names is correct?
a) They indicate the exceptional nature of the
product.
a) They indicate the exceptional nature of the
product. NO
a) They indicate the exceptional nature of the
product. NO
a) They indicate the exceptional nature of the
product. NO
a) They indicate the exceptional nature of the
product. NO
b) They may indicate that the product comes from
a particular geographical area.
b) They may indicate that the product comes from
a particular geographical area.
b) They may indicate that the product comes from
a particular geographical area.
c) They do not necessarily imply that the product
is protected by EU legislation.
c) They do not necessarily imply that the product
is protected by EU legislation. NO
d) They apply to specific product names, sales of
which are declining.
d) They apply to specific product names, sales of
which are declining. NO
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4. Numerical reasoning (1) - example
of female teachers (2000)
In 2000, there were 40 000 teachers in Greece,
one fifth of whom in higher education. How many
more males than females were there amongst the
teaching staff in higher education in Greece in
2000? a) 640 b) 2 400 c) 5200 d) 12 000
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4. Numerical reasoning (2)

• always on the basis of a multiple-factor table

• usually more (2-3) questions to one table, some
  hold additional information

• 1) identify relevant parts in table, 2) set up
  the formula, 3) calculate

• calculator is not allowed!

• answers often only differ in the place of the
  decimal (point or comma)

• 1125
• 112.5
• 11.25
• 1.125

counting the first few digits may not be enough
approximate order of magnitude may be enough
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4. Numerical reasoning (1) - example
of female teachers (2000)
In 2000, there were 40 000 teachers in Greece,
one fifth of whom in higher education. How many
more males than females were there amongst the
teaching staff in higher education in Greece in
2000? a) 640 b) 2 400 c) 5200 d) 12 000
In 2000, there were 40 000 teachers in Greece,
one fifth of whom in higher education. How many
more males than females were there amongst the
teaching staff in higher education in Greece in
2000? a) 640 b) 2 400 c) 5200 d) 12 000
In 2000, there were 40 000 teachers in Greece,
one fifth of whom in higher education. How many
more males than females were there amongst the
teaching staff in higher education in Greece in
2000? a) 640 1. 40 000 / 5 8 000 b) 2
400 c) 5200 d) 12 000
In 2000, there were 40 000 teachers in Greece,
one fifth of whom in higher education. How many
more males than females were there amongst the
teaching staff in higher education in Greece in
2000? a) 640 1. 40 000 / 5 8 000 b) 2
400 2. 65 - 35 30 c) 5200 d) 12 000
In 2000, there were 40 000 teachers in Greece,
one fifth of whom in higher education. How many
more males than females were there amongst the
teaching staff in higher education in Greece in
2000? a) 640 1. 40 000 / 5 8 000 b) 2
400 2. 65 - 35 30 c) 5200 3. 8 000 x
0.30 2 400 d) 12 000
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5. How to prepare

• practice, practice, practice sample tests

• measure your time

• establish priorities which is easier for you?