Reproductive Morphology

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Reproductive Morphology

• Flower comprised of whorls or layers
• House reproductive organs
• Attract pollinators or disperse pollen
• Develop new zygote and prepare it for dispersal
  as a seed

MONOCOT
DICOT
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Basic Flower Morphology

• Look at the two flowers you have
• Carefully remove each of the parts
• Lay them out in order in front of you
• Note shape, size and appearance

http//www.bbc.co.uk/scotland/education/bitesize/s
tandard/img/biology/flower.jpg
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Bilateral Symmetry
Radial - free and fused petals
http//images.google.com/imgres?imgurlwww.hcs.ohi
o-state.edu/hcs300/glossary/jpeg/rayfloret.JPGimg
refurlhttp//www.hcs.ohio-state.edu/hcs300/glossa
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Flower Parts - Calyx

• leaf-like structures called sepals
• spongy parenchyma
• often have functional stomata
• lots of vascular bundles
• protect the flower bud
• seldom used to attract pollinators(but can be
  showy)
• usually green and tough, but a lot of variation
  on this theme

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Flower Parts - Corolla

• Whorls of petals
• Leaf-like developmentally and structurally
• Biochemically different due to presence of
  pigments and oils
• Petals attractive pollinators
• Vary in pattern, shape, color, odor, size, etc.

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Flower Parts - Perianth

• outer envelope enclosing a flower
• made up of either
• outer calyx and inner corolla
• calyx or corolla
• calyx and corolla combined and undifferentiated
  from one another

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Morphology of Reproductive Tissues
Carpel Female Stamen Male
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Androecium whorl of male reproductive tissue

• Filament
• Spongy parenchyma and epidermis with stomata
• May have waxy cuticle
• At least one vascular bundle
• 2. Anther
• Held to filament with connective parenchyma
• Paired microsporangia housing the gametangia
• Epidermis may have stomata
• Produces pollen

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Gametangia
Paired Microsporangia
Filament
Pollen Grains
http//botit.botany.wisc.edu16080/images/130/Angi
osperm/Lilium/Adroecium/Mature_pollen_MC.html
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• Pollen is highly variable in shape, but
  distinctive for species and genera
• Some kinds can persists in the fossil record
  allowing for reconstructing plant distributions

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Gynoecium - whorl of female reproductive tissue

• Carpel (pistil)
• More leaf-like than stamen
• Epidermis may have functional stomata
• Up to 3 vascular bundles
• Stigma
• Receptive surface for pollen (may be wet or dry)
• Style
• 1 vascular bundle
• Transmittal for germinated pollen grain
• Ovary - contains eggs within embryo sac

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Megaspore mother cell
Ovary
Embryo Sac
http//botit.botany.wisc.edu16080/images/130/Angi
osperm/Lilium/Gynoecium/
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Longitudinal section of a flower
http//www.uri.edu/artsci/bio/plant_anatomy/images
/146.gif
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Mini-Quiz Label the Parts
http//academic.regis.edu/tnakamur/midterm20pract
ice/flower.jpeg
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Mini-Quiz Label the Parts

• Stigma
• Sepal
• Style
• Petal
• Anther
• Ovary
• Filament

http//academic.regis.edu/tnakamur/midterm20pract
ice/flower.jpeg
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Sperm (Gamete n) Egg (Gamete
n) ____________________________ Zygote
(2n) Mitosis Embryo (in seed) Plant
(Sporophyte 2n) Flower __________________
______________________________________
Anther (Microsporangium) Ovule
(Megasporangium) Meiosis
Meiosis Microspore (n)
Megaspore (n)
Mitosis Mitosis Pollen
Grain (Microgametophyte n) Embryo Sac
(Megagametophyte n) Sperm (n)
Egg (n)
Angiosperm Life History Alternation of
Generations
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http//scidiv.bcc.ctc.edu/rkr/Biology203/lectures/
flowerreproduction/image003.jpg
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Correspondence between flower and fruit
http//w3.dwm.ks.edu.tw/bio/activelearner/35/image
s/ch35summary.gif