The Future of Quality Traits Analysis

1
The Future of Quality Traits Analysis

• Charles R. Hurburgh, Jr.,
• Professor
• Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering

September 19, 2007
2
General Outline

• Product Quality Control
• Near Infrared Analysis
• Measurement Uniformity
• Quality Factors and Production Control
• Process Quality Control
• Traceability,
• Consistency within Use

3
NIRS Instruments

• Monochromator
• Bruins/Dickey-john Omega G T
• Foss Infratec 122x and 1241 T
• Foss NIRSystems 6500 R

4
NIRS Instruments

• Array Detection
• Zeiss Corona R
• Perten DA7200 R
• ASD Lab Spec Pro R

5
Image Data
False-color signal _at_ 850 nm

• Kernels were scanned in transmittance
• 750 1090 nm ( approx. 5 nm increment)

6
Image Scanning
Source www.specim.fi
7
NIRS Can Be Very Accurate
8
Comparison of NIR Units
Similar technology (transmittance)
Reflectance vs. Transmittance
9
NIRS Corn Factors

• Moisture, Protein, Oil, Crude Starch
• USDA-GIPSA does M, P, O
• Density (specific gravity)
• Functional properties (Indirect)
• Extractable Starch (Wet-Mill) ?????
• Fermentable Starch (Dry Grind) ?????
• Correlations with others?
• Amino Acids-No one yet but .

10
Perten DA7200 Corn
11
NIR Calibration
12
ISU-GQL NIR Quality Control
13
NIR Daily Check Control Chart
Method 1
Method 2
14
NIR Duplicates Differences Control Chart
Method 1
Method 2
15
Be Sure Everyone Agrees on the Reference Method
16
The Future of Grain Analytics

• Very high throughput (100s/hour)
• Single Seed Analysis
• Brimrose Seed Meister
• ARS Light Tube
• Flat Deck Image Scanner
• Robiotics
• Automated ELISA
• NMR

17
74 Potential Iowa Plants 11 Just across IA
Borders
Capacity 139 of 2006 Crop
Iowa Corn Processing Plants, Current
Planned, 3/16/07
18
Current Iowa Dry-Grind plants

• Average production
• 60 million gal/yr
• Range
• 20 mgy 110 mgy
• Plants produce at 105-110
• above rated capacity
• Most have outbound rail access
• Few (none) have unit-train inbound rail access

19
Corn consumption and storage
Distillers Grains storage 2.62
20
Corn sources for ethanol plants

• 62 of corn is purchased directly from farmers
• 16 plants purchase gt50 of corn from farmers
• 5 plants tied to local elevators 60-95 of corn
  comes from elevator

21
Corn Quality

• US Grade 2 Yellow Corn - no premium for better
  quality or special traits
• Moisture limit 17 (a few take 18)
• Test Weight low limit 54 lb/bu
• Damage limit 10 (discount from 5)
• Broken Corn 12 max
• Producers must meet 2YC quality spec to sell to
  ethanol plants. Otherwise, corn is rejected.

22
Producer Awareness of Ethanol Quality Needs

• Aware of specific quality requirements
• 28.6 Yes
• 71.4 No
• Believe that quality must be higher for EtoH
• 1(no) 5(yes) Scale 2.9 average
• Only moderately aware.
• Iowa Rural Life Poll, 2007 Preliminary

23
Traceability

• Ability to trace the history, application or
  location of an entity by means of recorded
  identifications. (EU 1830)
• Respond to security threats
• Respond to food safety problems
• Document chain-of-custody
• Document production practices (eg. organic)
• Meet consumer desires or social preferences
• Provide safety/quality assurance
• Protect integrity of brand name
• Authenticate claims (eg. Regional foods)
• Regulatory compliance FDA Bioterror Rules
• Analyze logistics and production costs
• Validate production or revenue claims

24

• Overview of Bioterrorism Act Establishment and
  Maintenance of Records Final Rule
• Leslye M. Fraser, Esq.
• Director, Office of Regulations and Policy
• Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition

25
Example 1 Common Storage Silo for An Ingredient
(e.g., Flour)
Source C
Source A
Source B
Common Storage Silo
Cookies
Manufacturing Plant
Information reasonably available is the identity
of all potential sources of the flour for each
finished product
26
Wheat Gluten in Pet Food 5/2007 and Still Growing
Mass recall of dog and cat food after pets die
FDA Announces New Chemical Found in Recalled Pet
Food
Breaking News From FDA Confirms ASPCA's
Suspicions on Pet Food ToxinPresence of Melamine
Identified in Contaminated Food
27
Trends in Corn Quality

• Food and processing systems diverging gradually.
• Direct food consumption-lower volume
• Monogastric animal nutritionfood
• Food/feed Protein, amino acids, hardness
• Processing Low protein, soft, high starch
• Corn oil biodiesel feedstock oleic acid
• Where is the niche for GEM?

28
(No Transcript)
29
Where to Find Us
www.iowagrain.org