Contents

1
Contents

• Introduction
• Unconsolidated clastic sediments
• Sedimentary rocks
• Diagenesis
• Sediment transport and deposition
• Sedimentary structures
• Facies and depositional environments
• Glacial/eolian/lacustrine environments
• Fluvial/deltaic/coastal environments
• Shallow/deep marine environments

• Stratigraphic principles
• Sequence stratigraphy
• Sedimentary basins
• Models in sedimentary geology
• Applied sedimentary geology
• Reflection

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Reflection

• Uniformitarianism remains a cornerstone of modern
  sedimentary geology observations of modern
  processes of sediment transport and deposition
  must constitute the basis for the interpretation
  of ancient products
• Sedimentology and stratigraphy have evolved
  rapidly over the last decades
• The 1960s and 1970s saw a decline of interest in
  classical stratigraphy and an emphasis on
  autogenic processes in depositional environments
  (process-oriented sedimentology, facies models)
• The 1980s and 1990s saw a revival of stratigraphy
  and a (sometimes obsessive) focus on allogenic
  processes (sequence stratigraphy and
  cyclostratigraphy)
• Integration of the two is a major challenge for
  the future

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5
Reflection

• Uniformitarianism remains a cornerstone of modern
  sedimentary geology observations of modern
  processes of sediment transport and deposition
  must constitute the basis for the interpretation
  of ancient products
• Sedimentology and stratigraphy have evolved
  rapidly over the last decades
• The 1960s and 1970s saw a decline of interest in
  classical stratigraphy and an emphasis on
  autogenic processes in depositional environments
  (process-oriented sedimentology, facies models)
• The 1980s and 1990s saw a revival of stratigraphy
  and a (sometimes obsessive) focus on allogenic
  processes (sequence stratigraphy and
  cyclostratigraphy)
• Integration of the two is a major challenge for
  the future

6
Reflection

• The interpretation of ancient depositional
  environments is increasingly based on the
  analysis of three-dimensional sedimentary
  architecture, rather than the analysis of
  one-dimensional vertical sections or
  two-dimensional cross sections or outcrops
• Quaternary environments play an increasingly
  important role, since they allow a relatively
  straightforward inference of environments of
  deposition, including their relationships to
  independently inferred changes in climate, sea
  level, and tectonism by means of numerical dating
  techniques
• Apart from traditional interests in economic
  sedimentary geology (e.g., oil, gas, minerals)
  towards environmental sedimentary geology (e.g.,
  groundwater pollution) is becoming more important

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Reflection

• The interpretation of ancient depositional
  environments is increasingly based on the
  analysis of three-dimensional sedimentary
  architecture, rather than the analysis of
  one-dimensional vertical sections or
  two-dimensional cross sections or outcrops
• Quaternary environments play an increasingly
  important role, since they allow a relatively
  straightforward inference of environments of
  deposition, including their relationships to
  independently inferred changes in climate, sea
  level, and tectonism by means of numerical dating
  techniques
• Apart from traditional interests in economic
  sedimentary geology (e.g., oil, gas, minerals),
  environmental sedimentary geology (e.g.,
  groundwater pollution) is becoming more important