Formation of Mineral Deposits

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Formation of Mineral Deposits

• Endogenous Processes
• Magmatic concentration
• Metamorphism/Metasomatism
• Hydrothermal process
• Exogenous Processes
• Weathering Supergen enrichment
• Chemical deposition
• Mechanical concentration

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With an ore body 4km long and 80m wide and lying
at a depth of 2km, Kiruna is one of the worlds
largest, most modern underground iron ore mines.
At present, approximately 800Mt of ore, only one
third of the original ore body, has been
extracted.
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EL LACO MAGNETITE DEPOSIT
Bedded hematite ash and lappilli. This deposit is
composed of loose, uncemented, material that can
be dug out by hand..
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Plate Tectonics and Mineralization
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Distribution of major tectonic plates
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Classifications of Mineral Deposits
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Simple genetic classification of minerals
deposits
Magmatic mineral deposits concentrated in igneous
rocks Residual mineral deposits formed by
weathering reactions at the earths surface.
Placer deposits are sorted and distributed by
flow of transporting media such as water, wind
and ice Sedimentary mineral deposits are
precipitated from a solution, typically sea
water Metamorhogenic mineral deposits form in
association with metamorphism Hydrothermal
mineral deposits form in association with magma
and water