China and the New Imperialism

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China and the New Imperialism

• World History
• Chapter 12
• Mr. Scherrman

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A Little Geography
Russia
Sea of Japan
CHINA
PACIFIC OCEAN
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A. The Trade Issue

• 1. The Trade Issue Prior to the 1800s the
  balance of trade favored the Chinese.
• a. Trade surplus vs. Trade deficit
• i. China exported more goods than they
  imported. Silk, porcelain, tea were traded
  for gold and silver. (surplus)
• ii. Western countries bought more Chinese goods
  than they sold them, resulting in a trade
  deficit.

WHERE WAS THE GOLD AND SILVER COMING FROM?
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2. The Opium War

• a. The British were trading opium grown in
  India for Chinese tea.
• b. Many Chinese became addicted to the drug,
  causing an increase in demand and a disruption in
  the economy as their silver as well as tea were
  used as payment.
• c. The Chinese banned the import of Opium and
  executed Chinese dealers.
• d. The British demanded the right to trade and
  used their gunboats to crush the Chinese ships
  and port towns.

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e. The Treaty of Nanjing

• i. CASH Britain received an indemnity, or
  payment for loses in the war.
• ii. TERRITORY Britain got control of the island
  of Hong Kong and five more ports were open for
  trade.
• iii. RIGHTS British citizens in China were given
  extraterritoriality, the right to live under
  British laws in China.

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B. Internal Problems Attempts to Reform

• 1. The Taiping Rebellion 1850-1864. Taiping
  Heavenly Kingdom of Great Peace
• a. A growing poor population, a corrupt
  government system, and an extravagant ruling
  court all led to a growing discontentment among
  the Chinese people.
• b. Hoang Xiuquan, a village school teacher who
  felt he was a revolutionary prophet, pushed for
  social reforms like land ownership, equality of
  man and women, community ownership of property.
  

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1. The Taiping Rebellion
Western troops battle Taiping soldiers during the
Taiping Rebellion.
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1. The Taiping Rebellion

• c. The Rebels won control over large parts of
  China and held on for 14 years.
• d. Eventually, they were defeated and the
  rebellion is credited with 20-30 MILLION Chinese
  deaths.

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2. Self-Strengthening Movement

• a. Starting in the 1860s, western technology was
  imported. Factories, railroads, mining
  industries, and shipyards began to be
  established. Was slow to take off, as the
  government did not fully support the efforts

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3. Sino-Japanese War 1894

• a. Japan had industrialized with the west and
  quickly became a power in the area and defeated
  the Chinese gaining control of Taiwan and
  increasing their imperialistic demands.

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(No Transcript)
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4. Spheres of Influence

• 4. Spheres of Influence Use the map above to
  designate the areas that the Europeans carved for
  themselves.

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RUSSIA BRITAIN FRANCE JAPAN GERMANY
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4. Spheres of Influence

• a. The Untied States did not claim a specific
  sphere, but demanded an open door policy to
  trade with all areas.