Content Repurposing Theory

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Content Repurposing Theory
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Content Repurposing Theory

• Types of Reuse
• Sharing
• Multipurposing
• Repurposing

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Sharing

• To use again, with little or no special treatment
  or processing
• Assumes
• Platform
• Audience

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Multipurposing

• To use again, especially after special treatment
  or processing permitting reuse across mediums.
• Requires explicit archiving and technical
  standards
• In future may be automatic or real-time

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Repurposing

• To use again, especially after special
  treatment or processing permitting reuse across
  mediums and audiences.
• 1993 Wired article by Nicholas Negroponte argues
  that audiences will demand different experiences
  based on the medium
• bits about bits

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Driving Forces

• Technical
• Delivery Platform (CD-ROM to Web, Web to Personal
  Digital Assistant)
• Performance Changes (increase in bandwidth,
  decrease in bandwidth, increase in processor
  speed)
• Display Changes (increase in screen resolution)
• Operating System Changes
• Browser Changes
• Customizable Learning Objects
• Others www to 8-track?

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Driving Forces .continued

• Pedagogical
• Discipline
• Level
• Learning Theory
• Content
• Regionalization (spelling, product names)
• Language
• General
• Bug fixing
• Feature Enhancement
• Branding

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Examples of Multipurposing

• Videotape converted to CD-ROM
• CD converted to web
• Photoshop file prepared for web as jpg
• HTML prepared for computer and PDA delivery

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Examples of Repurposing

• Change reading level from high school to
  post-secondary
• Change discipline from medical students to nurses
• Change spelling from American to Canadian
• Change from English to French
• Customize for jurisdiction, company, faculty, or
  university

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Learning Objects

• Is it a Lego?
• Any LEGO block is combinable with any other LEGO
  block.
• LEGO blocks can be assembled in any manner you
  choose.
• Lego blocks are so fun and simple that even
  children can put them together (Wiley, 2000).
• Is it an atom?
• Not every atom is combinable with every other
  atom
• Atoms can only be assembled in certain structures
  prescribed by ther own internal structure
• Some training is required in order to assemble
  atoms. (Wiley, 2000)

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Learning Objects

• Is there any pedagogy?
• What instructional design assumptions are built
  in?
• How does on object relate to another?
• Can they self-organize?
• Can they be classified?

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Learning Object vs. Digital Asset

• Digital Asset
• Single file (jpg, mov, html
• May have educational value
• Has a file size and duration
• Relatively easy to manage

• Learning Object
• Most likely several files (html, jpg, mov)
• Must have educational value
• Should not be defined by a certain file size or
  duration
• Difficult to manage
• Directory structure
• One file could have several LO and metadata
  records
• Content Packaging reqd

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Funding and Future

• HEC funding example
• Infrastructure is shaping up
• Knowledge and Learning Management to come
• Content is King??? Finally?
• Standards for Content Packaging
• What else will ALOHA do?
• Content Management, P2P, Graphic and Text
  Annotation
• Yet more standards

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The Future??

• Why Content Repurposing
• Discussion
• From University of Alberta
• Dec. 4, 2001 at 1000
• Dec. 5, 2001 at 1200
• at a CLE near you
• Present model for repurposing content using xml
• Introduce SCORM
• Discuss Learning Objects and Content Packaging
• Demonstrations and Examples

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Links

• www.netera.ca/belle
• www.reusability.org
• www.adlnet.org
• www.learnalberta.ca
• commons.ucalgary.ca/mavc/mavc.html
• References
• Negroponte, N (1993) Wired Magazine
  http//www.media.mit.edu/people/nicholas/Wired/WIR
  ED1-05.html
• Hodgins, H. W. (2000). The future of learning
  objects. In D. A. Wiley (Ed.), The Instructional
  Use of Learning Objects. Retrieved Dec. 22, 2000,
  from the World Wide Web http//reusability.org/re
  ad/chapters/hodgins.doc
• Wiley, D. A. (2000). Connecting learning objects
  to instructional design theory A definition, a
  metaphor, and a taxonomy. In D. A. Wiley (Ed.),
  The Instructional Use of Learning Objects.
  Retrieved Dec. 22, 2000, from the World Wide Web
  http//reusability.org/read/chapters/wiley.doc