Figure I1 The Pipeline Risk Management Demonstration Project

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Figure I-1 The Pipeline Risk Management
Demonstration Project
Risk Management Program Standard
Risk Management Demonstrations

• Program Standard is Used by Industry as
  Guideline for Development and Submittal of
  Proposed Risk Management Programs
• Review Protocols and Criteria based on the
  Program Standard are Used by OPS to Review,
  Approve, and Monitor Proposed Industry Programs
• Performance Measures are Used by both OPS and
  Industry to Evaluate the Success of the Risk
  Management Demonstration Project

OPS Review and Approval Process
Demonstration Project Performance Measures
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Figure II-1 Risk Management Program Overview
Program Elements
Process Elements
Risk Assessment What is the Scope of the Risk
Assessment? What Adverse Events Can Happen? How
Likely are These Events to Occur? How Severe
Would the Consequences Be if the Events Did
Occur?
Administration Roles Responsibilities Personne
l Qualifications Management of
Change Communications Documentation Program
Evaluation and Improvement
Risk Control Decision Support What Could Be
Done to Control Risks? What Are the Relative
Merits of the Risk Control Options? What Set of
Activities Best Achieves Risk Management Goals?
Feedback Loops
Performance Monitoring Feedback What
Improvements are Expected to Result from the Risk
Control Decisions? What Measures Best Capture
These Expected Outcomes? Are the Selected Risk
Control Activities Having the Intended
Effect? How Can the Overall Risk Management
Process be Improved?
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Figure IV-2 Progression of a Pipeline Incident
Hazard
Cause
Accidental Event
Impact
Hazardous liquid or gas contained and delivered
during normal operation
Precursor, initiating or contributing events of a
pipeline incident start of the accident event
sequence (e.g., coating disbond, mechanical
damage)
Loss of containment of hazardous liquid or gas
product migrates along available pathways to
people, environmental resources, etc.
Adverse consequences to people, the environment,
etc.
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Figure IV-4 Risk Control Activities During
Progression of a Pipeline Incident
Hazard
Cause
Accidental Event
Impact
Prevention - Corrosion Control - Maintenance
Programs - Impact Barriers
Mitigation - Isolation Valves - Dike / trench -
Sprinkler / deluge
Response -Evacuation - Spill response - Flowpath
diversion
Example Types of Risk Control Activities
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Figure IV-6 Performance Measures Associated
with Stages of a Pipeline Incident
Hazard
Cause
Accidental Event
Impact
Prevention Hydrotest Results
Mitigation Reliability of Isolation Valves
Response Effectiveness of Emergency Drills
Example Performance Measures
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Figure IV-1 The Risk Assessment Process Element
Risk Assessment Estimate the frequency and
consequences of potential incidents (Section
IV.1)
Scoping and Screening Analysis Define the
physical and analytical boundaries of the
assessment (Section IV.1.1)
Event Identification Identify the events that
could cause pipeline failures and lead to adverse
consequences (Section IV.1.2)
Frequency Analysis Estimate how often the events
might occur (Section IV.1.3)
Consequence Analysis Estimate the severity of the
adverse impacts should the events occur (Section
IV.1.4)
Risk Estimation Combine frequency and consequence
estimates into relative risk values (Section
IV.1.5)
Risk Control Decision Support Select activities
to reduce risk or produce equal or greater levels
of safety more efficiently (Section IV.2)
Performance Monitoring Feedback Determine if
the risk control decisions produce the
anticipated outcomes (Section IV.3)
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Figure IV-3 The Risk Control Decision-Support
Process Element
Risk Assessment Estimate the frequency and
consequences of potential incidents (Section
IV.1)
Risk Control Decision Support Select activities
to reduce risk or produce equal or greater levels
of safety more efficiently (Section IV.2)
Identification of Risk Control Issues Define the
major contributors to risk and opportunities for
more efficient control of risks (Section IV.2.1)
Identification of Risk Control Options Define
specific alternatives to current design and
operation that reduce risk or increase
efficiency (Section IV.2.2)
Evaluation Comparison of Options Select the
best set of design and operational practices that
produce equal or greater safety (Section IV.2.3)
Performance Monitoring Feedback Determine if
the risk control decisions produce the
anticipated outcomes (Section IV.3)
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Figure IV-5 The Performance Monitoring Feedback
Process Element
Risk Assessment Estimate the frequency and
consequences of potential incidents (Section
IV.1)
Risk Control Decision Support Select activities
to reduce risk or produce equal or greater levels
of safety more efficiently (Section IV.2)
Performance Monitoring Feedback Determine if
the risk control decisions produce the
anticipated outcomes (Section IV.3)
Selection of Performance Measures Identify
expected outcomes of risk control decisions and
associated metrics (Section IV.3.1)
Monitoring Evaluation of Performance Track
actual performance and compare with
expectations (Section IV.3.2)
Modifications to the Program Analyze implications
of observed performance to the models, data,
assumptions, and conclusions of the risk
management program (Section IV.3.3)
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