Barry Storey

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Road Traffic AccidentsData Management and
Analysis

• Barry Storey
• jdt / Mott MacDonald

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Road Traffic AccidentsData Management and
Analysis

• What Constitutes a Road Traffic Accident?
• Defined as an accident on the public highway
  involving an injury to a person to which the
  police and/or the emergency services have been
  summoned.
• Sometimes called a Person Injury Accident or
  P.I.A
• Statutory duty on the Police and Highways
  Authorities to record traffic accidents

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Road Traffic AccidentsData Management and
Analysis

• How is Data Collected?
• Police must record details of the accident
• Details entered on STATS19 form
• Separate details for vehicles and casualties
• Up to 100 fields to complete
• Very comprehensive record

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Road Traffic AccidentsData Management and
Analysis

• STATS19 Record
• 1. Accident Cause
• Driver error
• Manoeuvre error
• Causation Factors
• Driver
• Pedestrian
• Vehicle
• Local conditions
• Obscuration

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Road Traffic AccidentsData Management and
Analysis

• STATS19 Record
• 2. Location Data
• Road name and number
• Road layout
• Road class and type
• Pedestrian crossing details
• Junction type and control
• Weather and lighting conditions
• Road surface
• Carriageway hazards
• Ordnance survey grid reference
• Sketch plan showing accident details

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Road Traffic AccidentsData Management and
Analysis

• STATS19 Record
• 3. Vehicle Information
• Registration number (removed by LA)
• Make/Model
• Vehicle Type
• Vehicle manoeuvre
• Impact details
• Skidding/overturning details
• Collision Type
• Impact and damage details

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Road Traffic AccidentsData Management and
Analysis

• STATS19 Record
• 4. Driver Details
• Age/Sex
• Breath tested
• Hit and Run
• Address/Postcode

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Road Traffic AccidentsData Management and
Analysis

• STATS19 Records
• 5. Casualty Details
• Age/Sex
• Severity
• Fatal / Serious / Slight
• Road user class
• Car driver or passenger
• Pedestrian
• cyclist
• Pedestrian details
• Location and movement
• Passenger details

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Road Traffic AccidentsData Management and
Analysis

• The West Midlands Case Study
• Data collected and processed by West Midlands
  Police since early 1970s
• First computerised by West Midlands County
  Council in 1974
• Responsibility passed to West Midlands Joint Data
  Team in 1986
• Currently managed by Mott MacDonald in
  Public/Private Partnership

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Road Traffic AccidentsData Management and
Analysis

• The West Midlands Case Study
• 1974 - 1980 ICL Mainframe Relational Database
• 1980 - 1998 Mainframe unformatted flat file
• FORTRAN66 software
• Processing, Interrogation and Analysis routines
• 10,000 accident records per annum
• Networked to seven West Midlands Districts
• 1998 to date. PC Server
• Called JSYS-ACCIDENTS
• ACCESS database
• VISUAL BASIC software
• MAPINFO GIS interface

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Road Traffic AccidentsData Management and
Analysis

• JSYS-ACCIDENTS
• Consists of Four Modules
• Data Entry and Processing
• Data Validation
• Data Interrogation
• Data Analysis

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Road Traffic AccidentsData Management and
Analysis

• JSYS-ACCIDENTS
• 1. Data Entry and Processing
• Carried out by West Midlands Police
• Accidents located directly on to OS digital maps
• Data punched directly into PC from STATS19 using
  customised data entry screens
• Accidents located automatically using GIS tools
• Validation tools to nudge accidents

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Road Traffic AccidentsData Management and
Analysis

• JSYS-ACCIDENTS
• 2. Data Validation
• Carried out by Local Authority staff (jdt)
• Add local highway features
• junction numbering
• link numbering
• pedestrian crossings
• road kilometrage
• Accident updates and edits
• Scanned accident diagrams
• Masterfile updates.

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Road Traffic AccidentsData Management and
Analysis

• JSYS-ACCIDENTS
• 3. Data Interrogation
• Single accident
• by accident number
• by selection within GIS window
• Multiple Accident Selection by Location
• by junction reference number
• by road name and number
• by kilometrage
• by selected links
• by selected area within polygon

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Road Traffic AccidentsData Management and
Analysis

• JSYS-ACCIDENTS
• 3. Data Interrogation - continued
• Multiple Accident Selection by Description
• Severity
• Causation
• Age
• Lighting
• Location
• etc. etc.

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Road Traffic AccidentsData Management and
Analysis

• JSYS-ACCIDENTS
• 4. Data Analysis
• Network Analysis
• Trend Analysis
• Blacksite Analysis
• Density Analysis
• Cluster Analysis

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Road Traffic AccidentsData Management and
Analysis

• JSYS-ACCIDENTS
• Data Output and Presentation
• Text Output
• Single line output
• Full English Summary
• Matrix output
• Graphical Output
• Stick Diagrams
• Graphs, Pie-Charts etc
• Mapping Output
• Density Plots
• Dot Distributions
• Multiple Accident Plots

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Road Traffic AccidentsData Management and
Analysis

• Uses for Accident Data Systems
• Identification of Accident Black-Spots
• Analysis of Causal Factors
• Specific Accident Problems
• Identification of accident frequencies and
  locations by specific accident type
• Trend analysis and monitoring

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Road Traffic AccidentsData Management and
Analysis

• Uses for Accident Data
• Accident Remedial Measures
• Traffic Management Measures
• Traffic Calming
• Specific junction and link treatments
• Traffic Safety Audits
• In other words
• Making Roads Safer

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Road Traffic AccidentsData Management and
Analysis- Processing Module
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Road Traffic AccidentsData Management and
Analysis- Accident Diagram
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Road Traffic AccidentsData Management and
Analysis- Stick Diagram
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Road Traffic AccidentsData Management and
Analysis- Summary of Accidents
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Road Traffic AccidentsData Management and
Analysis- Accidents by Type