Key Features of Canadian Agriculture

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Key Features of Canadian Agriculture
Ray D. Bollman Neil Rothwell Statistics Canada
Presentation to Symposium 2002 on Structural
Change in the Agribusiness Sector organised by
the Cooperative Program in Agricultural Marketing
and Business, June 5, 2002, University of Alberta
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Key Features of Canadian Agriculture

• Outline
• Agriculture is growing

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Key Features of Canadian Agriculture

• Outline
• Agriculture is growing
• BUT number of census-farms is down

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Key Features of Canadian Agriculture

• Outline
• Agriculture is growing
• BUT number of census-farms is down
• AND farm employment is down

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Key Features of Canadian Agriculture

• Outline
• Agriculture is growing
• BUT number of census-farms is down
• AND farm employment is down
• WITH serious implications for farming communities

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Key Features of Canadian Agriculture

• Outline
• Agriculture is growing
• BUT number of census-farms is down
• AND farm employment is down
• WITH serious implications for farming communities
• NOTES on structure of production

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Key Features of Canadian Agriculture

• Outline
• Agriculture is growing
• BUT number of census-farms is down
• AND farm employment is down
• WITH serious implications for farming communities
• NOTES on structure of production
• NOTES on structure of farming families

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Key Features of Canadian Agriculture

• Outline
• Agriculture is growing
• BUT number of census-farms is down
• AND farm employment is down
• WITH serious implications for farming communities
• NOTES on structure of production
• NOTES on structure of farming families
• STRUCTURE TRENDS in incomes of farming families

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Key Features of Canadian Agriculture

• Outline
• Agriculture is growing
• BUT number of census-farms is down
• AND farm employment is down
• WITH serious implications for farming communities
• NOTES on structure of production
• NOTES on structure of farming families
• STRUCTURE TRENDS in incomes of farming families

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Key Features of Canadian Agriculture

• Outline
• Agriculture is growing
• BUT number of census-farms is down
• AND farm employment is down
• WITH serious implications for farming communities
• NOTES on structure of production
• NOTES on structure of farming families
• STRUCTURE TRENDS in incomes of farming families

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Key Features of Canadian Agriculture

• Outline
• Agriculture is growing
• BUT number of census-farms is down
• AND farm employment is down
• WITH serious implications for farming communities
• NOTES on structure of production
• NOTES on structure of farming families
• STRUCTURE TRENDS in incomes of farming families

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Recent trends in farm employment

• According to the LFS, farm employment has
  plummeted in the last 3 years
• Down 6 in 1999
• Down 13 in 2000
• Down 10 in 2001

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Recent trends in farm employment
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Recent trends in farm employment
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Recent trends in farm employment
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Recent trends in farm employment
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Correlation between trend in employment and
number of census-farms
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Farm employment falling faster than number of
farm households
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This is due to fewer spouses combining their
efforts
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Declining farm employment Push or pull?
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To summarise Decline in agricultural employment
surpassed 10 percent (each month, on a
year-to-year basis) August, 1999 in
Alberta April, 2000 in Ontario July, 2000 at the
Canada level August, 2000 in Saskatchewan November
, 2000 in Manitoba
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To summarise Decline in agricultural employment
surpassed 10 percent July, 2000 at the Canada
level April, 2002 for self-employed with paid
help April, 2002 for self-employed without paid
help
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Key Features of Canadian Agriculture

• Outline
• Agriculture is growing
• BUT number of census-farms is down
• AND farm employment is down
• WITH serious implications for farming communities
• NOTES on structure of production
• NOTES on structure of farming families
• STRUCTURE TRENDS in incomes of farming families

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The State of Rural Canada From Strength to
Strength Questions / Discussion
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13 of rural population lives on a census-farm
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13 of rural population lives on a
census-farm 9.75 on farm gt 10K gross
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13 of rural population lives on a
census-farm 9.75 on farm gt 10K gross 6.5 on
farm gt 50K
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13 of rural population lives on a
census-farm 9.75 on farm gt 10K gross 6.5 on
farm gt 50K 1.3 on farm gt 250K
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13 of rural population lives on a
census-farm 9.75 on farm gt 10K gross 6.5 on
farm gt 50K 1.3 on farm gt 250K 0.4 on farm gt
500K
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From Strength to Strength
Today, agricultural policy tends to be weighted
by the size of the farm
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From Strength to Strength
Today, agricultural policy tends to be weighted
by the size of the farm -- the bigger the farm,
the more agricultural policy you get.
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From Strength to Strength
Today, agricultural policy tends to be weighted
by the size of the farm -- the bigger the farm,
the more agricultural policy you get. Today,
residents of census-farms account for only 13
percent of rural residents
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From Strength to Strength
Today, agricultural policy tends to be weighted
by the size of the farm -- the bigger the farm,
the more agricultural policy you get. Today,
residents of census-farms account for only 13
percent of rural residents and only about 40
percent of these census-farms are big enough to
receive any agricultural policy.
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From Strength to Strength
Today, agricultural policy tends to be weighted
by the size of the farm -- the bigger the farm,
the more agricultural policy you get. Today,
residents of census-farms account for only 13
percent of rural residents and only about 40
percent of these census-farms are big enough to
receive any agricultural policy. Thus, today,
agricultural policy is NOT rural policy.
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From Strength to Strength

Agricultural output is up
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From Strength to Strength

Agricultural output is up -- agricultural labour
is down.
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From Strength to Strength

Agricultural output is up -- agricultural labour
is down. Fewer people are required in
agriculture.
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From Strength to Strength

Agricultural output is up -- agricultural labour
is down. Fewer people are required in
agriculture. This trend is on-going
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From Strength to Strength

Agricultural output is up -- agricultural labour
is down. Fewer people are required in
agriculture. This trend is on-going regardless
of the price of farm outputs.
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From Strength to Strength

Agricultural output is up -- agricultural labour
is down. Fewer people are required in
agriculture. This trend is on-going regardless
of the price of farm outputs. Consequently, the
challenge for rural communities is to find
something new to export to maintain a population
base.
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Key Features of Canadian Agriculture

• Outline
• Agriculture is growing
• BUT number of census-farms is down
• AND farm employment is down
• WITH serious implications for farming communities
• NOTES on structure of production
• NOTES on structure of farming families
• STRUCTURE TRENDS in incomes of farming families

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Spatial Analysis Geomatics Applications Agricult
ure Division, Statistics Canada
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Spatial Analysis Geomatics Applications Agricult
ure Division, Statistics Canada
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Spatial Analysis Geomatics Applications Agricult
ure Division, Statistics Canada
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Key Features of Canadian Agriculture

• Outline
• Agriculture is growing
• BUT number of census-farms is down
• AND farm employment is down
• WITH serious implications for farming communities
• NOTES on structure of production
• NOTES on structure of farming families
• STRUCTURE TRENDS in incomes of farming families

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• ? Typology of families by major occupation of
  husband and wife
• Two alternative typologies

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Key Features of Canadian Agriculture

• Outline
• Agriculture is growing
• BUT number of census-farms is down
• AND farm employment is down
• WITH serious implications for farming communities
• NOTES on structure of production
• NOTES on structure of farming families
• STRUCTURE TRENDS in incomes of farming families

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Key Features of Canadian Agriculture

• Summary
• Agriculture is growing

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Key Features of Canadian Agriculture

• Summary
• Agriculture is growing
• BUT number of census-farms is down

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Key Features of Canadian Agriculture

• Summary
• Agriculture is growing
• BUT number of census-farms is down
• AND farm employment is down

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Key Features of Canadian Agriculture

• Summary
• Agriculture is growing
• BUT number of census-farms is down
• AND farm employment is down
• WITH serious implications for farming communities

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Key Features of Canadian Agriculture

• Summary
• Agriculture is growing
• BUT number of census-farms is down
• AND farm employment is down
• WITH serious implications for farming communities
• NOTES on structure of production

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Key Features of Canadian Agriculture

• Summary
• Agriculture is growing
• BUT number of census-farms is down
• AND farm employment is down
• WITH serious implications for farming communities
• NOTES on structure of production
• NOTES on structure of farming families

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Key Features of Canadian Agriculture

• Summary
• Agriculture is growing
• BUT number of census-farms is down
• AND farm employment is down
• WITH serious implications for farming communities
• NOTES on structure of production
• NOTES on structure of farming families
• STRUCTURE TRENDS in incomes of farming families