Biometrics in DHS

1
Biometrics in DHS

• Presented by Brad Wing

4 May 2006
2
DHS Overview

• Over 60 biometrics applications in 9 components
• Identity Management
• Biometric Credentialing
• Access Control
• Background Checks
• Enforcement
• Different purposes
• Verification (1 to 1)
• Identification (1 to many)
• Watchlist ( 1 to few)
• Different populations
• Job applicants and employees
• Apprehended individuals
• Benefit applicants
• Non-citizen visitors
• Lookout / watchlist persons

3
Biometric Study Conclusions (2004)

• Establish a Biometrics Initiatives Office to
  provide coordination and oversight of new and
  existing biometric investments.
• Create a Technology Development Council that will
  establish a process for coordinating and
  approving research and development.
• Establish DHS-wide policies for the use of
  biometrics.
• Establish DHS-wide biometrics standards.
• Develop consistent and consolidated methods for
  biometric collection and processing associated
  with background checks.
• Investigate the value of a common biometric
  credentialing process for all of DHS.
• Establish a common biometrically-enabled DHS
  credential for all DHS initiatives.
• Expand and standardize the use of biometric
  verification for both physical and logical access
  for all target populations.
• Develop a common DHS identity management
  capability that provides one identity, linking
  an individuals biographic and biometric
  information across all DHS business processes.
• Develop common tools and capabilities that
  support the use of biometrics in enforcement
  activities.

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DHS Biometrics Coordination Group

• Representatives from all DHS components
• Develops standards for DHS
• INCITS/M1 Facial and Photo standard adopted
• Fingerprint and Iris standards under development
• Biometric Profiles for Border Control and Airport
  Access Control
• Develops DHS biometrics research agenda
• Sets Guidelines for standards monitoring and
  enforcement
• Coordinates DHS biometrics representations to
  national and international bodies (NSTC, INCITS,
  ISO, ICAO, OASIS)
• Sponsors workshops
• Coordinates DHS biometrics outreach (web pages,
  info center)

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Some DHS Biometrics Systems

• IDENT (US-VISIT)
• Fingerprint (current) Face (photo captured,
  matching future)
• Registered Traveler (TSA)
• Fingerprint (current) Iris (current)
• Trusted Traveler Programs (CBP)
• Fingerprint (current) Iris (current)
• Airport Access Control (TSA)
• Multiple biometrics depending upon security
  levels
• HSPD-12 / PIV
• Fingerprint (future)
• Transportation Worker Identity Card TWIC (TSA)
• Fingerprint (current)

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Some More DHS Biometric Systems

• First Responders (FEMA)
• Fingerprint (future)
• Biometrics at Sea (USCG)
• Fingerprint (future)
• Access Control to Federal Buildings (FPS)
• 3D Face (currently in pilot test)
• AND THE LIST GOES ON .

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IDENT Data

• Apprehensions (over 7,400,000 records)
• Alerts (about 660,000 records)
• NSEERS (over 400,000 records)
• Previous criminal history persons from high-risk
  areas (over 350,000 records)
• NEXUS enrollment (frequent travelers) (over
  85,000 records)
• Biometric visa Category 1 refusals (over 19,000
  records)
• US-VISIT Entry/Exit, CIS Travel Documents, CIS
  Asylum, Border Crossing Card applicants, BioVisa
  (about 44,000,000 records)

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Data Sharing

• IDENT / IAFIS Interoperability (DHS, DOJFBI)
• Historical Wants warrants for Foreign Born /
  Unknown Birth Location individuals (from FBI)
• New wants and warrants for all individuals (from
  FBI)
• Deportation and immigration/customs violations
  (from DHS)
• Known and Suspected Terrorists (from FBI)
• Sexual Predators (from FBI)
• DOD Information Sharing to DHS (current and
  proposed)
• Latent Fingerprints (images harvested from
  various locations)
• Iraqi Criminal Master File
• Force Protection Initiative (foreign persons
  applying for position of trust in Iraq)
• Guantanamo Bay Detainees
• Biometrics Automated Toolset (enemy combatants,
  detainees, local employed personnel fingerprinted
  by U.S. Military)
• Persian Gulf War (enemy prisoners of war from
  1991 Gulf war)
• Detainee Reporting System (Iraqi detainees)
• Biometric Identification System for Access
  (foreign persons seeking access to U.S.
  installations in Iraq and living in international
  zone)

9
Data Sharing

• INTERPOL (to and from DHS)
• Fingerprints of internationally wanted criminals
• NCTC (from DHS)
• Fingerprints and photographs of suspected
  terrorists
• Dept of State (to and from DHS)
• Visa applicants (fingerprints for
  matching/storage, photos stored)
• Border Crossing Card applicants (fingerprints for
  matching/storage photos stored)
• California DOJ (to DHS)
• Serious criminals that are foreign-born or have
  unknown place or birth
• Los Angeles County Sheriffs Office (to DHS)
• Serious criminals that are foreign-born or have
  unknown place or birth
• Foreign Governments (to and from DHS)
• Specific lookout records (terrorists, major
  criminals)
• Gang-related records (MS13, )
• Deportee / removal records
• Trusted Traveler data

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Selected International Projects

• Enhanced International Travel Security (EITS)
• Regional Movement Alert System (RMAS)
• Data Sharing with Mexico, El Salvador, Canada,
  UK, Australia
• Privium Trusted Traveler Program with The
  Netherlands
• e-Passport US-VISIT validation of foreign
  passports
• Working with other nations on identity management
  Indonesia, Argentina, Mexico
• Caribbean Nations (Games in 2007) Entry/Exit
  control
• International Groups (ICAO, ISO, ILO, G8, IGC,
  European Biometrics Forum, APEC, 4CC,
  International Biometric Advisory Council, etc.)

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EITS
12
RMAS

• Prototype exists for US, Australia and New
  Zealand
• Check if passport number reported lost or stolen
• Check if passport number is valid
• Future Plans
• Include positive verification
• Include picture on national response to query
• Possible expansion to other nations (Vietnam,
  Chile, Singapore )
• Possible decision to make available to non-APEC
  nations (e.g. UK)

13
Contact Information

• Bradford.Wing_at_DHS.gov
• bwing_at_DHS.ic.gov
• Telephone [phone]

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