Civics Ch 1 Vocab DUE Wed Aug 26

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CivicsCh 1 Vocab DUE Wed Aug 26

• Civics
• Citizens
• Government
• Public policy
• Budget
• Dictatorship
• Democracy
• Direct Democracy
• Representative
• Democracy
• Majority rule
• Naturalization

• Alien
• Immigrant
• Deport
• Migration
• Patriotism
• terrorism

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Chapter 1

• Citizenship and Government in a Democracy

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Section 1 Government of the People, by the
People, for the People
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What is Civics?

• Civics is the study of the rights and duties of
  citizens
• Concept of citizenship dates back more than 2,500
  years to ancient Greece and Rome.
• Gender and wealth are no longer requirements in
  the US
• Citizenship and Citizens
• Agree to follow a set of rules and to accept the
  governments authority

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The Need for Government

• Government is the ruling authority for a
  community
• Any organization that has the power to make and
  enforce laws and decisions for its members acts
  as a government
• No government to make or enforce laws, we would
  live in a state of confusion, violence, and fear
  (anarchy).

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The Functions of Government

• 1. Keeping Order and Providing Security
• Make laws to prevent conflicts and to settle
  those conflicts that do arise.
• Enforce laws (like enforcing traffic regulations)
• Defend citizens (setting up armed forces and
  preventative angencies)
• Examples
• Pass and enforce traffic laws
• Establish courts

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The Functions of Government

• 2. Providing Public Services
• Create and manage libraries, schools, hospitals,
  parks, and recreation centers
• Develop systems to provide mass transit and
  supply water to homes and businesses.
• Build and repair streets, erect bridges, collect
  garbage, and deliver mail
• Keep the public healthy and safe
• Supply affordable housing, health care, job
  training, and special programs for people with
  disabilities

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The Functions of Government

• 3. Guiding the Community
• Governments formulate public policy (a course to
  achieve goals)
• Create a budget to use money wisely
• Manage the economy
• Communicate and cooperate with other governments

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Levels of Government

• FEDERALISM in the United States
• National Government
• Centered in Washington, DC
• Makes and enforces laws for the entire country
• State Government
• Each of our 50 states have their own government
• Decides matters for the people in that state
• Local Government
• Include counties (parishes), cities, and towns

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Types of Government

• There are many different types of government
  around the world
• Dictatorship (government controlled by one person
  or small group of people)

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Types of Government

• There are many different types of government
  around the world
• Democracy(government in which the people rule)

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Types of Government

• There are many different types of government
  around the world
• Direct democracy (all the citizens met to debate
  government matters and vote first hand)
• Ancient Greece
• Town Hall Meetings in New Hampshire

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Types of Government

• There are many different types of government
  around the world
• Representative democracies (citizens choose a
  smaller group to represent them, make laws, and
  govern on their behalf)

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Principles of American Democracy

• Government of the people, by the people, for the
  people Abraham Lincoln
• Power of the government comes from the citizens
• Americans, acting through their representatives,
  run their government
• The purpose of the government is to make the US a
  better place for those who live here

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Principles of American Democracy

• Fair and Free ElectionsHow do you know for sure?
• Everyones vote must carry the same weight
• All candidates have the right to express their
  views freely to the public
• Citizens must vote freely by secret balloting,
  without fearing punishment for their voting
  descisions
• Political Parties are an important element of
  democracies give voters choice!

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Fundamental Principles of American Democracy

• Rule of Law
• All people including those who govern, are bound
  by law.
• Limited Government
• Govt is no all powerful
• Consent of the Governed
• US citizens are the source of all governmental
  power
• Individual Rights
• In the American democracy, individual rights are
  protected by government
• Representative Government
• People elect govt leaders to make the laws and
  govern on their behalf

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Section 2 The Path to Citizenship
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Who are American Citizens?

• 1. Citizenship by Birth
• Anyone born in
• The 50 US states
• District of Columbia
• American territory (like Puerto Rico or Guam)
• US military bases overseas
• AUTOMATICALLY become US citizens
• Children born on American soil to non-US citizens
  also acquire US citizenship (except foreign
  diplomats)
• Americans can hold dual citizenship

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Who are American Citizens?

• 2. The Naturalization Process
• Aliens noncitizens
• Immigrants people who move permanently to a new
  country
• Process
• Declaration of Intent
• Live in the US for 5 years
• Class for citizenship
• Citizenship Exam (reading, writing, and speaking
  English and basic facts about history and
  government of the United States)
• Ceremony and Oath of Allegiance

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Aliens in America

• US restricts the number of immigrants per year
• Only 675,000 immigrants are excepted each year
• Illegal Aliens
• 8 to 9 million illegal aliens are living in the
  US today
• Enter as temporary visitors then they stay
• Cross Mexican or Canadian borders
• Stay after their legal work permits have expired
• Legal Aliens
• Entered US legally, and live much like American
  citizens
• Hold jobs, property, attend school, and receive
  govt services, pay taxes and entitled to legal
  protection
• May not vote, not serve on juries, or serve in
  govt jobs

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Section 3The Diversity of Americans
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A Nation of Immigrants

• E pluribus unum Out of many one
• US states have joined together to created a
  single, strong nation
• More than 296 million people live in the United
  States today and growing!

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A Nation of Immigrants

• 1. European Settlers
• 1500 Spanish settlers (Florida, California, and
  the Southwest)
• 1600s French settlers (Mississippi River and
  Canada) and English settlers ( Eastern seaboard)
• 1600 and 1700s Germany, Netherlands, Ireland,
  Scotland, and Sweden settlers joined the English
• 1900s Italians, Balkans, and Asians

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A Nation of Immigrants

• 2. African Immigrations
• Western and central Africans were enslaved and
  immigrated to North America unwillingly
• 1619 1808(when it was illegal to bring
  enslaved persons into the US) over 500,000 slaves
  were brought into the country
• Most African Americans today are descendants of
  enslaved persons

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A Diverse Population

• Ethnicity
• 234 million White Europeans
• 37 million African American
• 12 million Asian and Pacific Islanders
• 2.8 million Native Americans
• 39 million - Hispanic

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A Diverse Population

• Religion
• Christianity over 200 million practicing
• Jewish
• Muslim
• Buddhist
• Many other religious groups
• ALL WORSHIP FREELY, and those who dont practice
  any religion are equally at home.

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A Growing and Changing Population

• 1. Growing
• Population is NOT growing just because
  immigration
• Population is being increased naturally by
  Americans having many children

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A Growing and Changing Population

• 1. Changing
• Moving rural areas to cities cities to
  suburbs, etc.
• Economy farms to factories to service
  industry
• Migration Post CW South

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Unity Among Citizens

• Common civic and political heritage based upon
  the countrys founding documents (US
  Constitution, Declaration of Independence, Bill
  of Rights)
• Ideals
• life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness
• Common Language ENGLISH(this is up for debate)
• Patriotism fly flags, sing the national anthem,
  recite the pledge of allegiance