YOUR TITLE GOES HERE

1
YOUR TITLE GOES HERE
Capstone Talk PHYS 4300

• Date
• Author
• Advisor
• Acknowledgements

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Outline

• Motivation
• Background
• e.g. Maxwells Equations
• e.g. Relativistic Corrections
• Viewgraph Formatting
• Power Point Tricks
• Backgrounds, and Font, Size, Color, Style
• Bulleted/enumerated lists and hierarchy
• Images, Graphs, Schematics, and Cartoons
• The Perfect Viewgraph
• Conclusions
• Appendix Prof. John Wilkins Rules for Physics
  Talks

3
Motivation

• Make it simple and interesting -lose them here
  and they are gone for good.

• General Motivation
• save the known world
• Specific
• Graphics are important here

4
Background
Know your audience! use this to get them up to
speed.

• Maxwells Equations
• Use equation editor for simple equation or import
  as objects from pdf etc. or cut and paste using
  ltPrint Screengt
• Relativistic Corrections

5
Viewgraph Formatting

• Font
• Size - depends on room
• Color - depends on background
• Style - font, italics, bold, shadow, underline
  etc.
• Backgrounds keep them simple
• Bulleted/enumerated lists and hierarchy
• Images, Graphs, Schematics, and Cartoons
• The Perfect Viewgraph

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Background 1 Good
7
Background 2 Bad
8
Background 2 Ugly
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Viewgraph Formatting Font Size

• Depends on room and on font
• Can you read me now? (36)
• Can you read me now? (32)
• Can you read me now? (28)
• Can you read me now? (24)
• Can you read me now? (20)
• Can you read me now? (18)
• Can you read me now? (16)
• Can you read me now? (14)
• Can you read me now? (12)
• Can you read me now? (10)

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Colors
Can you read me Now? Can you read me Now? Can you
read me Now? Can you read me Now? Can you read me
Now? Can you read me Now? Can you read me Now?
Can you read me Now?
Can you read me Now? Can you read me Now? Can you
read me Now? Can you read me Now? Can you read me
Now? Can you read me Now? Can you read me Now?
Can you read me Now?
Can you read me Now? Can you read me Now? Can you
read me Now? Can you read me Now? Can you read me
Now? Can you read me Now? Can you read me Now?
Can you read me Now?
Readability depends heavily on the actual output
device used.
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ON VIEWGRAPH FONTS TNR 40
Tools for Clarity TNR 28

• Hierarchy is crucial. TNR 24
• Group ideas logically, but be consistent. TNR
  20
• This adds needed order to a viewgraph. TNR 16
• But too much hierarchy is confusing. TNR 14
• For example, can you read this? TNR 14, 12, 10

• Colour too is useful. TNR 24
• Be consistent within and between viewgraphs. TNR
  20
• But to not be frivolous. TNR 16
• Over use of colour is distracting. TNR 14
• And some colours really do not work well. TNR 14

• Other tricks include distinctive fonts and
  highlighting. TNR 24
• Italics, bold, underlined, shadow and
  combinations? Be consistent TNR 20
• And do not over use. TNR 16
• For this can be very distracting Arial16, To
  say the least Alg..D 16
• Too much of this is bad.

12
ON VIEWGRAPH FONTS TNR 40
Tools for Clarity TNR 28

• Hierarchy is crucial. TNR 24
• Group ideas logically, but be consistent. TNR
  20
• This adds needed order to a viewgraph. TNR 16
• But too much hierarchy is confusing. TNR 14
• For example, can you read this? TNR 14, 12, 10

• Colour too is useful. TNR 24
• Be consistent within and between viewgraphs. TNR
  20
• But to not be frivolous. TNR 16
• Over use of colour is distracting. TNR 14
• And some colours really do not work well. TNR 14

• Other tricks include distinctive fonts and
  highlighting. TNR 24
• Italics, bold, underlined, shadow and
  combinations? Be consistent TNR 20
• And do not over use. TNR 16
• For this can be very distracting Arial16, To
  say the least Alg..D 16
• Too much of this is bad.

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Demonstration PowerPoint

• Use the predefined blank.pot
• Bulleted items are formatted correctly
• you must use the Title and Text layout to get
  this bullet layout
• Addition bulleted text boxes should be a copy of
  this
• Go no deeper than this (and this is too deep)
• Keep text above 16 points (18 preferred) if you
  want the audience to be able to read the text
• Group graphical objects together as it makes it
  easier to modify the layout
• Use multiple groupings
• text and arrow
• text and scale bar
• Etc.
• Then group the groups to have a composite drawing
• Name your PowerPoint Well DescriptiveTitle-YearMo
  nthDate.ppt
• i.e. DemonstrationPowerPoint-20050610.ppt

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Power Point Tricks

• Use Master Page it does save time!
• I like Font size to be defined by me, and the
  text box to fit around it.
• ltRight Clickgt ltFormat Place Holder..gt ltText Boxgt
  ltResize Autoshape ..gt
• Tricks to minimize white space.
• Use ltViewgt ltRulergt to minimize bullet-text
  separation
• Use ltFormatgt ltLine Spacinggt - minimum settings
  of 0.85 line and 0.15 before/after works.
• Maximize figure size. ltCopygt ltPaste Special, as
  Picture pnggt Very useful.
• If bulleted item is gt 2 lines you are probably
  being too verbose.
• For graphs, when you create the plots using
  whatever software package, use sensible colors
  (e.g. Bl R G B, and stay consistent!), thick
  enough lines, and large enough fonts.
• Fonts be sensible Arial is clean and Times New
  Roman dense.
• Graphics need a title and caption!
• Stealing graphics on the web ltPrint Screengt,
  ltPastegt and crop! But you must cite best cite
  below the figure.

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Death of a Star

• Nuclear fusion in stars core
• Occurs in phases
• Massive stars ( gt 8 Msun) burn to Fe peak
  elements
• Fe core collapses
• Energetic explosion
• Supernova
• Remnant is neutron star or black hole

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Death of a Star

• Nuclear fusion in stars core
• Occurs in phases
• Massive stars ( M gt 8 Msun) burn to Fe peak
  elements
• Fe core collapses
• Energetic explosion
• Supernova
• Remnant is neutron star or black hole

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Aug. 21 -10 days (before max light)

• Again, higher metallicity makes better 6200Å
  feature
• Quality of fit roughly the same for both models

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Aug. 21 -10 days (before max light)

• Again, higher metallicity makes better 6200Å
  feature
• Quality of fit roughly the same for both models

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Mass Spectrometry

• We use Isotopic Mass Spectrometry to detect
  isotopologues (or isotopomers) in a given gas
  sample
• In Mass Spectrometry, a sample is prepared,
  injected, and borne via an inert carrier gas
  (He) through a catalytic oven into an ionization
  source, where the gas particles are ionized via
  electron impact
• These ions are then accelerated through a high
  voltage static potential, into a magnetic field,
  which bends the ions into a circular path by
  mass
• A series of sequential Faraday cup detectors then
  detect the ionized particles, thus detecting the
  isotopologues
• For our experiment, we used a Thermo Scientific
  Delta V Isotope Mass Spectrometer, outputting
  all ion currents into the Isodat Acquisition
  program

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What is Mass Spectrometry?

• Mass spectrometry takes an ionized sample and
  differentially separates it by mass-to-charge
  ratio (m/z)
• Developed by JJ Thompson in 1897
• 1906 Nobel Prize
• Three common elements to all modern mass
  spectrometers
• Ionization Source (converts sample particles)
• Mass analyzer Deflects charged particles
  according to Lorentz Force Law and Newtons
  Second Law (m/z)aE(v x B)
• Ion currents detected
• Limitation Some compounds have same mass

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What is Mass Spectrometry?

• Mass spectrometry (MS) takes an ionized sample
  and separates it by mass-to-charge ratio (m/z)
• e.g. z1 for singly ionized species, m is mass of
  ion in atomic mass units AMU.
• Brief history
• Pioneered by J.J. Thomson in the early 1900s
• First full MS demonstrated by William Aston
  (1922 Nobel Prize)
• First modern MS demonstrated by A.J. Dempster
  (circa 1920)
• Three elements in modern Mass Specs
• Ionization Source ionize gas molecules and
  accelerates ions
• Mass analyzer Deflects charged particles
  according to Lorentz Force Law
• Detector
• Limitation Some ions have same mass
• e.g. CO (m121628) AMU and N2 (M21428).

Detector Single slit or array
Mass Analyzer Sector Magnet (uniform B)
B
Ions deflected in arc radius R Solving for v in
(1), inserting into (2) and rearranging,

Ion Source Accelerate through V
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What is Mass Spectrometry?
Detector Single slit or array

• Mass spectrometry (MS) takes an ionized sample
  and separates it by mass-to-charge ratio (m/z)
• e.g. z1 for singly ionized species, m is mass of
  ion in atomic mass units AMU.
• Brief history
• Pioneered by J.J. Thomson in the early 1900s
• First full MS demonstrated by William Aston
  (1922 Nobel Prize)
• First modern added sector magnet MS
  demonstrated by A.J. Dempster (circa 1920)
• Three elements in modern Mass Specs
• Ionization Source ionize gas molecules and
  accelerates ions
• Mass analyzer Deflects charged particles
  according to Lorentz Force Law
• Detector Detects ion currents
• Limitation Some ions have same mass
• e.g. CO (m121628) AMU and N2 (M21428).

Mass Analyzer Sector Magnet (uniform B)
B
v
Ion Source Accelerate through V

• Schematic of Mass Spec.
• R of ion trajectories only dependent on (m/z) for
  given V and B
• Typically set V and scan B to scan through (m/z)

23
SWNT Thin Films

• Combine electrical and optical properties
• Potential Applications
• Transparent Electrodes
• LCDs
• Touch Screens

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Single-Wall Nanotube Thin Films

• Combine electrical and optical properties
• Potential Applications
• Transparent Electrodes
• LCDs and Touch Screens

Transmission vs. l for SWNTs Deposited from
Various Solutions
Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) image of SWNTs
deposited on to glass
25
Core Collapse SN Types Ib, Ic, and II

• (a) A massive star has evolved an iron core by
  fusing silicon.
• (b) once the iron core reaches the Chandrasekhar
  limit, it begins to collapse. The outer core is
  represented by black arrows and the inner core by
  white. Black arrows are moving supersonically
  and white are moving subsonically.
• (c) the inner core is compressed into neutrons
  while the gravitational potential energy is
  converted and released in a neutrino burst.

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Core Collapse SN Types Ib, Ic, and II

• (d) material that is still falling inwards (black
  arrows, outer core) bounces off the dense core
  and creates a shock wave which propagates
  outwards, represented by the red arrows.
• (e) the shock slows down as energy is used up by
  nuclear processes, but neutrino interaction keeps
  it going.
• (f) outside of the inner core, the material is
  ejected and only a degenerate core remnant is
  left behind.

27
Core Collapse SN Types Ib, Ic, and II

• a. A massive star has evolved an iron core by
  fusing silicon.

b. Once iron core reaches the Chandrasekhar
limit, it begins to collapse. (outer core is
shown as ? inner core ? by white. Black
arrows are ? move supersonically and ? move
subsonically.
c. Inner core is compressed into neutrons while
the gravitational potential energy is converted
and released in a neutrino burst.
d. Material that is still falling inwards ( ?,
outer core) bounces off the dense core and
creates a shock wave which propagates outwards (
?, red arrows).
e. Shock slows down as energy is used up by
nuclear processes, but neutrino interaction keeps
it going.
f. Outside of the inner core, the material is
ejected and only a degenerate core remnant is
left behind.
28
Molecular Beam Epitaxy(MBE) Self Assembly

• Picture of MBE/STM

in situ STM of Dots
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Anodized Aluminum Oxide Masks

• Tunable diameters 20 to 500 nm
• Ordered micron-sized domains

30
Conclusions

• Often a summary and conclusions
• Future
• What will be done on the project after you
  leave/graduate

31
Prof. John Wilkins Rules for Physics Talks

• Rules for preparing talk/viewgraphs
• Decide on take-home message.What do you want
  listeners to carry away? Design talk to that aim.
  
• Pick figures and illustrations that deliver
  take-home message.
• On each viewgraph, put
• Title that summarize subject of viewgraph.
• Carefully formulated argument.
• Conclusion of argument at bottom of viewgraph.
• Practice for
• Length. Shorter is better.
• Connectivity. Cleanly segue from one viewgraph to
  the next.
• Clarity . Formulate your ideas accurately and
  concisely.
• Segue
• To move smoothly and unhesitatingly from one
  state, condition, situation, or element to
  another.
• "Daylight segued into dusk" - Susan Dworski.
• How do the world's most celebrated adolescents
  sc. the Rolling Stones segue into middle age?
• http//www.physics.ohio-state.edu/wilkins/writing
  /