CHINAgeography

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CHINA
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Geography/Climate

• Extremely diverse climate/tropical in south,
  subarctic in north
• Mostly mountainous, high plateaus, deserts in
  west
• Suffers through Earthquakes because it partly
  lies on the Ring of Fire

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FAULT
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Tian Shan Mountains
Himalayas, Kunlun Shan, Atlai
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Plateau of Tibet
Video
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Rivers

• Rivers Yangtze, Yellow, Xi
• Yellow Chinas Sorrow, killed hundreds of
  thousands, caused a lot of damage

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DIKES
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Three Gorges Dam
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Deserts
Gobi
Taklimakan
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COMMUNIST STATE
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Economy

• Since 1949 has been a communist state
• Government controlled every aspect of the state
• Discovered that the communist system caused many
  problems that China was falling behind other
  countries in technology manufacturing
• Recently government leaders have been making
  changes to improve the economy

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FREE ENTERPRISE SYSTEM
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Economy

• As a result of changes, Chinas economy has
  boomed
• The value of goods services has increased 4x
  from 1978-1999
• China was eager to learn new business methods so
  they encouraged other countries to invest in
  their economy

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INVEST
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Shared Investments

• Many companies in China are jointly owned with
  foreign business men
• Are able to pay Chinese workers a lot less
  there is hundreds of millions of new possible
  customers
• Many American businesses have moved to China

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CONSUMER GOODS
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ONE COUNTRY, TWO SYSTEMS
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Easter Bunny Captured
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Economical Damages

• Growing Industry has dramatically hurt the
  environment/coal burning pollutes the
  air/factories dump poisonous chemicals into the
  river
• Pollution has caused a great increase in lung
  disease/1/4 of all deaths in China

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Hong Kong Macau

• Hong Kong was controlled by Britain until 1997
• Macau was controlled by Potugal until 1999
• Both cities are centers of manufacturing, trade,
  and finance

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CHINA/history

• Civilization is more than 4,000 years old
• Was ruled by dynasties until the early 1900s
• Dynasties would hold power until it was
  overthrown
• Through the rule of dynasties, China built a
  highly developed culture and conquered many
  neighboring lands

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GREAT WALL
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Silk Road
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Confucius

• Taught people to be polite, honest, brave, wise
• Children were to obey their parents
• Everyone was to respect the elderly obey the
  countrys rules
• Confucius thoughts shaped China until early 1900s

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Confucianism
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Confucius Tomb
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Laozi/Daoism

• Laozi came around during Confucius time
• His Daoism teachings stated that people should
  live simply and in harmony with nature
• Laozis beliefs attracted writers artists

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Daoism
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Chinese Inventions

• Famous Chinese inventions silk, clock, compass,
  printed books, gunpowder, fireworks, paper

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History

• Foreign influence increased in China in the
  1700s 1800s
• United Kingdom other nations used military
  force to force China to trade
• Europeans wanted fine Chinese goods such as tea,
  silk, pottery

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Communist China

• In 1911, Dr. Sun Yat-sen led an uprising that
  overthrew the last emperor
• China became a republic until disorder allowed
  for the Nationalist and Communist parties to take
  control
• After WWII, Nationalist Communist fought for
  power
• Communists won set up power
• Nationalist fled to the neighboring island of
  Taiwan where they set up a rival governenment

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Dr. Sun Yat-Sen
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Chiang Kai-Shek
MAO ZEDONG
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Communist China

• Under communism, farms were organized into large
  government owned farms
• Women were forced to join the industrial
  workforce
• There were some economic benefits such as
  improved agriculture and dams
• Many govt programs went severely wrong and
  individual freedoms were completely lost
• Many who opposed Communism were killed

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Deng Xiaoping

• After Mao died in 76, Deng Xiaoping took China
  in a different direction
• Deng opened up the economy to western ideas
• However, government continued to deny individual
  freedoms and acted harshly against anyone who
  criticized the government

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Tiananmen Square

• In 1989, students gathered to protest and demand
  democracy
• Tanks rolled in and killed thousands and arrested
  many more
• Many countries criticized Chinas human rights
  and refused to trade until better treatment of
  citizens

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Tiananmen Square Protest, 1989
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HUMAN RIGHTS
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Tibet/Dalai Lama

• Government took control of Tibet, a Buddhist
  kingdom, in 1950
• Tibet tried to rebel 9 years later and was
  crushed
• The Dalai Lama now lives in exile in India and
  US
• Lama travels the world seeking support

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EXILE
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Chinese Culture

• China is known for its traditional arts
• pottery, jade, jewelry, decorated silk,
  sculpture, and architecture
• first to develop porcelain
• Chinese enjoy fish, crab, and shrimp dishes
• Most of their food is made with a lot of pepper
• Typical Chinese meal includes vegetables w/ bits
  of meat or seafood, soup, rice or noodles
• Stir Fry Is cooked quickly in small amounts of
  oil

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Stir Fry
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People of China

• 92 belong to Han ethnic group
• 8 belong to 55 other ethnic groups
• 1/5 of the worlds population
• 1.3 billionpopulation

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PAGODAS
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Calligraphy

• No alphabet in China
• It is a system where symbols represent concepts
• Should know at least 3,000 character to be able
  to understand newspapers
• 6,000 characters are essential in every day use
• Dictionary could have 40,000-50,000 characters

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Kentucky SUV
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Taiwan
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Geography

• Island 100 miles off southeast coast of China
• Mild winters hot, rainy summers
• central ridge of steep forested mountains
• east mountains descend to rocky coastline
• west fertile flat plain/home to 90 of people

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Economy

• One of worlds most prosperous economies
• Most of the wealth comes from technology
  industries, manufacturing, trade
• Factories make computers, calculators, radios,
  televisions, telephones
• Have placed some factories in other Asian
  nations, ex Thailand

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HIGH TECHNOLOGY INDUSTRIES
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Economy

• Taiwan China has improved economic ties since
  early 90s
• Solid agricultural economy farmers grow rice on
  terraces built on sides of mountains
• Grow enough food to supply for own people and
  export

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Terraced Rice Fields
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History

• Used to be part of the Chinese Empire
• 1895, Japan took control after defeating China in
  war
• Japan developed economy but treated people very
  poorly
• Taiwan was returned to China after WWII
• 1949, Chang Kai-Shek of Nationalist fled China
  brought 1 m. refugees

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History

• Kai-Shek and followers were escaping communism
• Nationalist planned to go back and take China but
  never did
• Nationalist controlled Taiwan until early 1990s
  established a 1 party system
• Is now a democracy and locals are allowed to
  participate in govt.
• Never declared independence, China still claims
  as a province, threatens to use force if they
  ever did

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Taipei
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People

• 75 of people live in urban areas
• 22.5 m. population
• Chinese culture affects the customs and
  architecture of Taiwan

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Mongolia
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Geography

• Size of Alaska, landlocked
• Known as the land of the Blue Sky
• Rugged mountains high plateaus in the west and
  central regions
• Country is covered with steppes
• Extreme climateshot summers, cold winters
• Capital Ulaanbaator

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Gobi
Gobi
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Steppes
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Ulaanbaatar
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People

• 60 of people live in urban areas some are
  nomadic
• Herder/nomads live in yurts
• Mongolians live on farms
• 2.4 m. population
• Main religion is Buddhism, even though it is
  discouraged

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Nomads
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Economy

• Many Mongolians tend to sheep, goats, cattle, and
  camels
• Important industries depend on animal products
• Factories use wool to make textiles and clothing
• Factories use hides to make leather and shoes
• Farmers grow wheat and grain
• economy based on agriculture and breeding

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History

• Gained fame in the 13th century under Genghis
  Khan, they conquered 80 of Eurasia, stretched
  from China to Eastern Europe
• Gained fame as fierce fighters
• Revered for their skill and knowledge of raising
  and riding horses
• After Khans death, empire was divided into
  several Mongol states, but broke apart in 14th
  century

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Genghis Khan
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Mongols
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Empire
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History

• Mongols eventually retired back to their steppe
  homeland and became under the control of the
  chinese
• Mongolia won independence in 1921 with soviet
  backing
• Communist regime was installed in in 1924
• Became democratic in the early 1990s through
  lessening of power from communist
• Parliamentary democracy

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Naadam Festival
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Yurt