COMMON REDOX REACTIONS

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COMMON REDOX REACTIONS
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5.2 SOME COMMON REDOX REACTIONS
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Reaction of (left to right) lithium with water,
calcium with water, zinc with sulfuric acid,
magnesium with hydrochloric acid
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These reactions are called displacement
reactions. Common reactive metals, Mg, Al, Zn,
Fe, will displace both copper and silver from
solutions of their ions and copper will displace
silver. The more reactive metals, sodium,
lithium, calcium and barium, cannot be used in
such displacement reactions because they would
react with the water of the aqueous solution
(part (b) above).
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Two displacement reactions (a) a granule of zinc
dropped into a copper sulfate solution (b)
copper wire dipped into a silver
nitrate solution. For each case the left-hand
test tube shows the metal just after being
dropped into the solution in the right-hand test
tube the metal has been in the solution for ten
to twenty minutes
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In these reactions the negative bromide and
iodide ions lose electrons to form the neutral
bromine and iodine molecules hence the bromide
and iodide are oxidised. The neutral molecules,
chlorine and bromine, gain electrons (that
is, get reduced) to form the negative chloride
and bromide ions. The reverses of these reactions
are not possible bromine cannot
oxidise chloride iodine cannot oxidise chloride
or bromide. Fluorine has been omitted from this
discussion because it is so reactive that it
oxidises water to oxygen and thus cannot be used
in the type of aqueous halogenhalide reactions
described here.
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