EOS Terra and Aqua MODIS

1
EOS Terra and Aqua MODIS Status and
Highlights Presentation to GeoTech 2002
Prepared by Vincent V. Salomonson MODIS
Science Team Leader October 9, 2002
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Terra Launch on December 18,1999Aqua Launch on
May 4, 2002
Aqua Launch May 04, 2002 First Image June 24,
2002
Terra Launch Dec. 18, 1999 First Image Feb. 24,
2000
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MODIS SCIENCE TEAM
Salomonson, Vincent NASA/Goddard Space Flight
Center (Team Leader) William Barnes/MODIS
Characterization Support Team(MCST) Ed
Masuoka/Science Data Support Team (SDST) Barbara
Conboy/MODIS Administrative Support Team
(MAST) Abbot, Mark Oregon State
University Barnes, William NASA/Goddard Space
Flight Center Barton, Ian CSIRO, Marine
Laboratories, Australia Brown, Otis University
of Miami Campbell, Janet University of New
Hampshire Carder, Kendall University of South
Florida Clark, Dennis NOAA/NESDIS, Washington,
D.C. Esaias, Wayne NASA/Goddard Space Flight
Center Evans, Robert University of Miami Gao,
Bo-Cai Naval Research Laboratory Gordon,
Howard University of Miami Hoge,
Frank NASA/Wallops Flight Facility Huete,
Alfredo University of Arizona Justice,
Christopher University of Virginia Kaufman,
Yoram NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center King,
Michael NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center Menzel,
W. Paul NOAA/NESDIS/Univ. of Wisconsin Muller,
Jan-Peter University College London,
England Myneni, Ranga Boston University Parslow,
John CSIRO, Marine Laboratories,
Australia Running, Steven University of
Montana Strahler, Alan Boston University Tanre,
Didier Universite des Sciences et Techniquee de
Lille, France Thome, Kurt University of
Arizona Townshend, John University of Maryland,
College Park Vermote, Eric University of
Maryland, College Park Wan, Zhengming University
of California, Santa Barbara
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MODIS SUCCESS OVERVIEW
MODIS SUCCESS A B C D A A GOOD,
STABLE INSTRUMENT THAT IS WELL CALIBRATED AND
CHARACTERIZED -STATUS TERRA AND AQUA MODIS
WORKING WELL B ADVANCED DATA PRODUCTS THAT
HAVE BEEN VERIFIED AS READY FOR SCIENTIFIC
AND APPLICATIONS PURPOSES -STATUS GREAT DATA
PRODUCTS, MOST VALIDATED FOR
SCIENTIFIC USE C A STABLE,
REASONABLY POWERFUL DATA PROCESSING CAPABILITY
FOR PRODUCING CONSISTENT DATA PRODUCTS
OVER THE LIFE OF THE MISSION -STATUS
COLLECTION 3 COMPLETED FOR
NOVEMBER 2000 TO PRESENT COLLECTION
4 COVERING FEB
2000 TO PRESENT UNDERWAY D FRIENDLY,
EASY-TO-USE DATA PRODUCT ACCESS FOR THE USER
COMMUNITY -STATUS ACCESS GETTING BETTER MUCH
REMAINS TO BE DONE
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A The Instrument
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MODIS Scan Cavity and OBCs
Page 6
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MODIS SPECIFICATIONS

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TERRA MODIS STATUS OVERVIEW

• TERRA MODIS HAS OPERATED WELL OVER
• 2-PLUS YEARS
• LOTS OF TRIAL AND ERROR FROM FEB. 24, 2000 TO
• OCT. 31, 2000 TO GET BEST OPERATIONAL
• CONFIGURATION
• OPERATED ON B-SIDE ELECTRONICS FROM
• OCTOBER 31, 2000 TO JUNE 15, 2001
• INSTRUMENT OUTAGE FROM JUNE 15-JULY 2, 2001
• INSTRUMENT HAS OPERATED ON A-SIDE JULY 2, 2001
• TO THE PRESENT. SPACECRAFT DID GO INTO
  SAFE-
• HOLD MAR. 19-28 RESULTING IN NEED TO RECHECK
• INSTRUMENT STATUS AND SETTINGS ON A-SIDE
• FORMATTER RESETS/SWITCH TO B-SIDE OCCURRED
• IN MAYALL IS O.K.
• LEVEL 1 PRODUCTS ARE CONSIDERED VALIDATED
• FROM NOVEMBER 2000 TO TO THE PRESENT.
• DEFINITIVE INFORMATION ON THE CALIBRATION AND
  CHARACTERIZATION OF THE INSTRUMENT AT
  http//mcstweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/

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AQUA MODIS STATUS

• AQUA SPACECRAFT LAUNCHED MAY 4th AT 255 A.M.
  WITH
• MODIS ON-BOARD
• AQUA MODIS FIRST LIGHT LATE JUNE, 2002 (JUNE
  24)
• AQUA MODIS HAS IMPROVEMENTS
• LESS ELECTRONIC CROSSTALK IN SWIR BANDS
• NO OPTICAL LEAK IN BANDS IN 32-24 FROM 31
• BETTER SST GAIN IN BANDS 31 AND 32 (11-12 µm)
• LESS 5 µm LEAK INTO SWIR
• BI-DIRECTIONAL PROPERTIES OF MIRROR (RVS)
• KNOWN BETTER
• AQUA MODIS HAS SOME NON-FUNCTIONING DETECTORS
• -BAND 6 (1.64 µm) will have several bad detectors
• -Band 5 (1.24 µm) will have some (1 or 2) bad
  detectors
• AQUA MODIS COLD TO WARM FOCAL PLANES SLIGHTLY
• MORE MISREGISTERED (0.3 1000 METER PIXEL)

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MODIS Aqua first data(10min)over
Australiaprocessed bythe GoddardDAAC(image
El Saleous/HDFLookMODIS
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Aqua MODIS first light June 25/0420 GMT
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Terra MODIS to compare with Aqua MODIS first
light
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B The MODIS Products
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CURRENT MODIS PRODUCTS
MOD01 Level-1A Radiance Counts
MOD02 Level-1B Calibrated Relocated Radiances
MOD03 Relocation Data Set MOD04 Aerosol
Product MOD05 Total Precipitable Water
MOD06 Cloud Product MOD07 Atmospheric
profiles MOD08 Gridded Atmospheric Product
(Level-3) MOD09 Atmospherically-corrected
Surface Reflectance MOD10 Snow Cover
MOD11 Land Surface Temperature Emissivity
MOD12 Land Cover/Land Cover Change
MOD13 Vegetation Indices MOD14 Thermal
Anomalies, Fires Biomass Burning MOD15 Leaf
Area Index FPAR MOD16 Surface Resistance
Evapotranspiration MOD17 Vegetation
Production, Net Primary Productivity
MOD18 Normalized Water-leaving Radiance
MOD19 Pigment Concentration MOD20 Chlorophyll
Fluorescence MOD21 Chlorophyll_a Pigment
Concentration MOD22 Photosynthetically Active
Radiation (PAR)
MOD23 Suspended-Solids Conc, Ocean Water
MOD24 Organic Matter Concentration
MOD25 Coccolith Concentration MOD26 Ocean
Water Attenuation Coefficient MOD27 Ocean
Primary Productivity MOD28 Sea Surface
Temperature MOD29 Sea Ice Cover
MOD31 Phycoerythrin Concentration
MOD32 Processing Framework Match-up
Database MOD35 Cloud Mask
MOD36 Total Absorption Coefficient MOD37 Ocean
Aerosol Properties MOD39 Clear Water Epsilon
MOD43 Albedo 16-day L3 MOD44 Vegetation Cover
Conversion MODISALB Snow and Sea Ice Albedo
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MODIS ATMOSPHERES PRODUCTS http//modis-atmos.gsf
c.nasa.gov/products.html
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MODIS Dust and pollution in East Asia March
20, 2001
Plots by Y.Kaufman, R-R. Li and D. Westphal
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MODIS AEROSOL AVERAGE OPTICAL THICKNESS
(Kaufman/RemerGSFC)
Average optical thickness
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MODIS AEROSOL AND GOCART MODEL COMPARISONS
(Kaufman/RemerGSFC)
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Winds from MODIS An Arctic Example
(MENZEL, ET AL.)
Cloud-track winds (left) and water vapor winds
(right) from MODIS for a case in the western
Arctic. The wind vectors were derived from a
sequence of three images, each separated by 100
minutes. They are plotted on the first 11 mm
(left) and 6.7 mm (right) images in the sequence.
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MODIS POLAR WINDS IMPACT (Key, Uwisc)
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MODIS POLAR WINDS IMPACT (ECMWF)
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MODIS POLAR WINDS IMPACT (DAO)
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MODIS WATER VAPOR IMAGES (GAO/NRL)
(a) a monthly-mean Level 3 water vapor image
over the continental U.S., portions of Mexico and
Canada for January, 2001 (b) similar to (a),
except for July, 2001.
a.
b.
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MODIS WATER VAPOR IMAGES (GAO/NRL)
(a) a monthly-mean global Level 3 water vapor
image for January of 2001 (b) similar to (a),
except for July of 2001.
a.
b.
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TOTAL WATER VAPOR VERSUS GROUND MEASUEMENTS
(GAO/NRL)
(a) a scatter plot between the water vapor
values measured with a ground-based
upward-looking microwave radiometer at a site in
the Southern Great Plains in Oklahoma and those
retrieved from images of MODIS near-IR channels
for a time period between November 2000 and
December 2001 and for column water vapor amounts
less than 3.5 cm (b) similar to (a) except that
the data points for water vapor amounts greater
than 3.5 cm are included in the analysis.
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MODIS OCEANS PRODUCTS http//modis-ocean.gsfc.nas
a.gov/dataprod.html
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MODIS NIGHTTIME SST (11 MICROMETER) FEB/JULY 2001
COMPARISONS (U. of Miami)
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MODIS PACIFIC OCEAN SST (11 MICRON) SST ANIMATION
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MODIS-MAERI SEA TRUTH
COMPARISONSHand-picked set Pathfinder derived
coefficientsBlue Mediterranean April 2000
Red Pacific March, April 2001 Pink
Pacific March, April 2001 Green Atlantic -
Explorer of the Seas.
All data M 0.20K std 0.26K N 242
Explorer of the Seas M 0.15K std 0.21K N
50
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MODIS CHLOROPHYLL COMPARISONS (J. CAMPBELL, UNH
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Comparisons of Global 36-km MODIS Chlorophyll
with SeaWiFS
Global 36 km Chlor_MODIS Chlor_MODIS Chlor_a2 Chlor_a2 Chlor_a3 Chlor_a3
Product for RMS Bias RMS Bias RMS Bias
Dec. 2000 0.16 0.03 0.12 0.00 0.25 0.14
Dec. 2-9, 2000 0.18 0.03 0.15 0.00 0.26 0.13
Jun. 2-9, 2002 0.24 0.08 0.19 0.03 0.20 0.05
Jun. 2, 2002 0.25 0.08 0.22 0.03 0.24 0.06
Dec. 4, 2000 0.21 0.02 0.17 -0.02 0.27 0.11
Apr. 8, 2001 0.24 0.08 0.19 0.04 0.24 0.07
Note Units are decades of log. Bias is average
difference of MODIS minus SeaWiFS RMS is
root-mean-square difference.
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MODIS FLUORESCENCE (ABBOTT/OSU)
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MODIS AND AIRBORNE COMPARISIONS
FORFLUORESCENCE-RELATED MEASUREMENTS
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MODIS LAND PRODUCTS http//modis-land.gsfc.nasa.g
ov/products/
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MODIS Granule over South Africa (Sept,13,2001,
845 to 850 GMT) (Vermote/U. of MD)
The surface reflectance algorithm uses internal
1km aerosol optical depth since collection 3
processing.
Corresponding aerosol optical thickness at 670nm
(0 black, 1.0 and above red) linear rainbow
scale. Clouds are in magenta, water bodies are
outlined in white.
RGB surface reflectance (corrected for aerosol)
RGB no correction for aerosol effect
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Global EVI composite (Sept. 30 - Oct. 15,
2000)(Spatial and temporal intercomparisons of
vegetation activity)
TBRS, University of Arizona SCF Group,
http//tbrs.arizona.edu
EVI
1000 km
5000 km
water 0.2 0.4 0.6
0.8 1.0
Hammer Aitoff Projection
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MODIS VEGETATIONS INDICES (HUETE/UA)
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Leaf Area Index (Myneni/Boston Univ)
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Fraction of Photosynthetically Active Radiation
(FPAR) (Myneni/Boston Univ.)
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MODIS LANDCOVER PRODUCT (STRAHLER/BU)
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CMG Broadband White-Sky Albedo (0.3-5.0mm)1 - 16
January, 2002 (Strahler/Boston U.)
0.0 0.2 0.4
No Data
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CMG Broadband White-Sky Albedo (0.3-5.0mm)7 - 22
April, 2002 (Strahler/Boston U.)
0.0 0.2 0.4
No Data
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MODIS FOREST COVER (TOWNSHEND/UMCP)
MODIS 500 meter global percent forest cover for
2000
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North America 500 meter MODIS continuous field
of tree cover
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MODIS TREE COVER (TOWNSHEND/UMCP)
MODIS 500 meter continuous field result for the
lower 48 United States
Comparing results with USFS forest area estimates
by state Percent tree cover threshold at
which continuous field area estimate matches USFS
estimate forest area estimates by state
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MODIS SNOWCOVER (HALL/GSFC)
April 2-4, 2002
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MODIS CMG ANNUAL COMPARISONS (Hall-GSFC)
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MODIS SNOWCOVER ANIMATION
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MODIS LAND TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCES FOR WINTER
2002 VS WINTER 2001
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MODIS FIRE PRODUCT
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MODIS RAPID RESPONSE PROJECT(J. DESCLOITRES/SSAI)
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NASA MODIS Fire Rapid Response Data
System(Justice, et al./U. of MD)
Daily global coverage with a 24 hour delay
producing and distributing global fire detections
and RGB imagery via. the Internet using FTP and
ArcIMS feature server
http//rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov
J. Descloitres, L. Giglio, J. Owens J. Seaton, M.
Crisologo, R. Sohlberg
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USDA RSAC USE OF MODIS
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NIFC (Boise, ID) Fire Map
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DATA PROCESSING AND ARCHIVING OF DATA PRODUCTS
C The Data Processing and
Archiving of Products
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MODIS DATA PROCESSING OVERVIEW(re S.
Kempler/NASA-GSFC)
DAACs
LaRC For CERES Processing
EDC DAAC
L2 Data
Archive Distribute Land Data (ESDIS/ECS)
DAO Data
GES DAAC
DAO
Ingest DAO Data (GES DAAC)
Science Appli- cations Educ- ation
DAO, Anciillary Data
GES DAAC
EDOS L0 Processing (ESDIS/ EDOS)
Ingest, Archive MODIS L1 Processing
Reprocessing (ESDIS/ECS)
MODAPS
Archive Distribute L1 (ESDIS/ECS) and
DAO, ancillary data (GES DAAC)
L0 Data
L2 Data
L2 Processing Reprocessing (SDST)
DATA!
L1 Data
Ancillary Data
V0, V1
L2 Data
QA Metadata Update
QA Metadata Update
NOAA FDD
L1 Data
NSIDC DAAC
L2 Validation at the Science Computing
Facilities (SCFs)
Archive Distribute Snow Ice (ESDIS/ECS)
MODIS Calibration Science Team (MCST) and
supporting scientists for Level 1 data
MODIS Data Flow (Development Team in parentheses)
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DATA INGEST, PRODUCTION, ARCHIVE and
DISTRIBUTION METRICS for TERRA AND AQUA(S.
Kempler/NASA-GSFC)
DAO
2.4 GB/day
GES DAAC

• Level 1 PRODUCTION
• and ARCHIVE
• 664 GB/day - L1A, L1B
• 60 GB/day - subset of L1A
• for CERES
• 34 GB/day - subset of L1B
• for calibration in Miami
• - Archive all products ingested

EDOS
MODAPS
450 GB/day
140 GB/day
lt 6GB/day
19 GB/day
NOAA FDD
MODIS Calibration Science Team (MCST) and
supporting calibration scientists
Actual approx. daily averages
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DAILY PRODUCT VOLUMES and USER DISTRIBUTION
CAPACITIES for TERRA and AQUA (1X per instrument)
(E. Masuoka and S. Kempler/NASA-GSFC)
GES DAAC
DAACs
450 GB/day
EDC DAAC
478GB/day
Archive Distribute Land Data (ESDIS/ECS)
308 GB/day
MODAPS
Science Appli- cations Educ- ation
350GB/day
GES DAAC
Archive Distribute L1 (ESDIS/ECS) and
DAO, ancillary data (GES DAAC)
22 GB/day
784 GB/day
350 GB/day
Science Computing Facilities (SCFs)
30 GB/day
NSIDC DAAC
Archive Distribute Snow Ice (ESDIS/ECS)
QA Metadata Update
Current total GES DAAC archive 1 Petabyte EDC
has 300 Terabytes NSIDC has 15 Terabytes
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DATA AND DATA PRODUCT ACCESS
D Ease of Data and Data Product Access
i.e., User Interface to the Archives
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MODIS DATA ACCESS URLS
EOS Data Gateway (EDG)The primary access point
for MODIS data at all DAACs http//eos.nasa.gov/i
mswelcome/ -- The EOS Data Gateway (EDG) is a
web interface to find and order data from
multiple archives Search by location, time,
attributes (valids - parameters, data set, data
center, etc). Browse the list of data
sets/granules by viewing their Temporal Coverage,
Spatial Coverage, Attributes (metadata), Related
Documents (guide search), and Browse Products
(GIFs). Order the selected data with various
packaging and ordering options. Guide Search the
archives online document servers for information
on data sets, platforms, instruments associated
with the data.
GES DAAC Search and Order WWW Interface an
alternative for ocean and atmospheres MODIS data
http//acdisx.gsfc.nasa.gov/data/ The GES DAAC
Search and Order WWW Interface (TerraWHOM) is
based on a hierarchical organization of data.
There are currently two views or gateways to
the products dataset and parameter. Views are
different perspectives of looking at the data and
allow users to search for data more efficiently.
Recently, the order functions added are Attribute
Filtering, Ocean Level 3 Parameter Subsetting,
and On-Demand channel/band Subsetting
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MODIS HOME PAGEhttp//modis.gsfc.nasa.gov/
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MODIS LAND GLOBAL BROWSE IMAGES
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MODIS LAND RAPID RESPONSE BROWSE GRANULES
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MODIS MULTIDISCIPLINARY DATA SET

• INTRODUCTORY MODIS MULTIDISCIPLINARY DATA SET
• AVAILABLE ON CD AND AT FTP-SITE
• ftp//modis.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/Data_Sets/

ftp//modis.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/Data_Sets/
The choice and amount of products (30 out of 44)
provided is based on several factors (1) the
desire to provide one conveniently-sized set of
data products that would fit on a CD (2) to
indicate the maturity of the products for
scientific use (3) to provide enough of the
MODIS products to emphasize the breadth and
multidisciplinary nature of MODIS data. The
data product sets predominantly cover a year
extending from November 2000 through October of
2001.
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EOS Direct Broadcast Stations Worldwide(re J.
Dodge/NASA HQ)

Over 50 Direct Broadcast Sites are Operational
Worldwide Several in U.S. (Wisconsin, Hawaii,
Florida, Oregon, Maryland/2, California,
Montana, Utah, South Dakota, Alaska)
66
Satellite Transition Schedule(9 March 2001ref
R. Murphy, NASA/GSFC)Slopes indicate 10-90 need
(NPOESS GAP 5b)
Projected End of Life based on 50 Need
CY
99
00
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
03
08
09
10
01
02
07
04
05
06
0530
F20
F18
F16
C3
NPOESS
DMSP
0730 - 1030
F17
F19
F15
C1 or C2
NPOESS
NPOESS
DMSP
M
POES
METOP
Local Equatorial Crossing Time
1330
N
N
C2 or C1
L (16)
NPOESS
POES
Earliest Need to back-up launch
S/C Deliveries
Earliest Availability
67
Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS)
(re R. Murphy NASA/GSFC)

• Purpose Global observations of land, ocean,
  atmosphere parameters at high temporal resolution
  ( daily)
• Predecessor Instruments AVHRR, OLS, MODIS,
  SeaWiFS
• Management Integrated Program Office
• StatusPhase C/D (Raytheon)
• Approach Multi-spectral scanning radiometer (22
  bands between 0.4 ?m and 12 ?m) 12-bit
  quantization
• Swath width 3000 km

• Changes to specifics of band dynamic ranges,
  bandpasses band centers being negotiated
• Consideration of adding 6.7 micrometer water
  vapor band to FM2 later models
• CDR March 2002 went well

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SUMMARY

• SUMMARY
• TERRA AND AQUA MODIS INSTRUMENTS
• WORKING WELL
• GOOD MODIS PRODUCTS
• HAVE BEEN DEVELOPED AND ARE READY FOR SCIENCE AND
  APPLICATIONS
• DATA PRODUCTS ARE
• BEING PROCESSED AND
• PUT IN ARCHIVES
• DATA ACCESS IS AREA
• THAT IS IMPROVING
• DIRECT BROADCAST
• OF MODIS PRODUCTS IS
• GROWING
• THE FUTURE BEYOND

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MODIS ATMOSPHERES PRODUCT AVAILABILITY WEB PAGE

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MODIS ATMOSPHERES BROWSE IMAGERY
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MODIS ATMOSPHERES PRODUCT DESCRIPTION(S)
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MODIS OCEANS BROWSE IMAGERY
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MODIS OCEANS BROWSE IMAGERY SELECTION
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MODIS MONTHLY BROWSE IMAGE EXAMPLE (Jan 2002)