Understanding Wellness

1
Understanding Wellness

• Chapter 1

2
Questions

• Measurements for population health
• Leading causes of death 1900 1990
• Causes of death - 15 24

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Healthy Life Expectancy

• Life expectancy in U. S. is 76.8 years
• Number of years that a person is expected to live
  in good health is
• healthy life expectancy
• U. S. ranks 24th - 70 years
• Japan ranks 1st 74.5 years

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Health and Wellness

• Health
• Being sound in body, mind, and spirit.
• Not merely the absence of disease or infirmity,
  but a state of complete physical, mental, and
  social well-being.

• Wellness
• Purposeful, enjoyable living.
• A deliberate lifestyle choice characterized by
  personal responsibility and optimal enhancement
  of physical, mental, and spiritual health.

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Wellness-Illness Continuum
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The 10 Leading Causes of Death as a Percentage of
All DeathsUnited States, 1900 and 1996
The average life expectancy in 1900 was 47.3
years of age. In 1993, it was 75.7 years of
age. SOURCE CDC, National Center for Health
Statistics
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Changes in our Health

• 1900s leading causes of death were primarily
  infectious diseases A result of disease causing
  organisms (pathogens)
• - viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, parasitic
  worms.
• Today leading causes of death are chronic
  diseases Develops over many years and are
  heavily influenced by lifestyle

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Leading Causes of Death
9
Actual Causes of Death in the United States, 1990
400,000
300,000
Source McGinnis JM, Foege WH. JAMA
19932702207-12.
10
Healthy Life Expectancy and Costs

• Smoking
• Costs over 100 billion annually in health care
  and lost productivity
• Responsible for 450,000 premature deaths

11
Lifestyle and Health
12
Factors Affecting Life Expectancy
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Lifestyle and Health

• Health Promotion
• The science and art of helping people change
  their lifestyles to move toward a state of
  optimal health

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Lifestyle and Health

• Lifestyle Practices that enhance health
• 20 minutes aerobic activity 3 times a week and or
  30 minutes moderate physical activity 5 days a
  week.
• Eliminate tobacco products
• Limit animal fat, cholesterol and saturated fats
  from diet
• Eat five servings of fruits and vegetables and
  other high fiber foods daily
• Maintain healthy weight

15
Lifestyle and Health

• Lifestyle Practices that enhance health
• Manage stress and maintain strong support system
• Limit consumption of alcohol
• Fasten seat belts
• Practice safe sex
• Balance work, play and get 8 hours sleep a night

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Obesity Trends Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1991
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Obesity Trends Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1992
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Obesity Trends Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1993
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Obesity Trends Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1994
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Obesity Trends Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1995
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Obesity Trends Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1996
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Obesity Trends Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1997
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Obesity Trends Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1998
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Obesity Trends Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1999
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Obesity Trends Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 2000
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Obesity Trends Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 2001
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The Seven Components of Health
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The Components of Health Defined
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High Level Wellness

• Dimensions of Wellness
• Physical
• Relates to functional operations of body
• Physical fitness muscular, flexibility,
  aerobic
• Dietary habits
• Sexual, sleep, smoking, drinking,

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High Level Wellness

• Dimensions of Wellness
• Intellectual
• Maintaining an active mind
• Acquisition of knowledge throughout life
• Reading, writing, analyzing, culture

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High Level Wellness

• Dimensions of Wellness
• Emotional
• Ability to laugh, enjoy life, adjust, adapt, cope
  with stress.
• Awareness
• Acceptance
• Management

32
High Level Wellness

• Dimensions of Wellness
• Social
• Ability to get along with others and appreciate
  the uniqueness of others
• Feeling connected and not isolated
• Concern for humanity

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High Level Wellness

• Dimensions of Wellness
• Spiritual
• Personal search for meaning and purpose
• Cultivating beliefs, principles and values
• Why am I here?
• How do experience fulfillment?
• Possession of moral and ethical principles

34
High Level Wellness

• Dimensions of Wellness
• Environmental
• Preservation of natural resources
• Food, air and water
• Commitment to the preservation of wildlife and
  plants

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High Level Wellness

• Dimensions of Wellness
• Occupational
• Personal satisfaction from vocation