THE COMPROMISES OVER SLAVERY

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THE COMPROMISES OVER SLAVERY
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Regional differences on issues will begin to
divide the country.
Introduction

• History Theme
• Compromise has helped shape history.

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SECTIONALISM
Loyalty to a region
ISSUE NORTH WEST SOUTH
Tariffs
Labor
Western Land
Currency
Improvements
Daniel Webster (Mass)
Henry Clay (KY)
John Calhoun (S.C.)
Click on the photographs for additional
information.
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SECTIONALISM
Taxes on Imported goods
ISSUE NORTH WEST SOUTH
Tariffs HIGH HIGH LOW
Labor
Western Land
Currency
Improvements
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SECTIONALISM
ISSUE NORTH WEST SOUTH
Tariffs HIGH HIGH LOW
Labor FREE FREE SLAVE
Western Land
Currency
Improvements
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SECTIONALISM
ISSUE NORTH WEST SOUTH
Tariffs HIGH HIGH LOW
Labor FREE FREE SLAVE
Western Land EXPENSIVE CHEAP CHEAP
Currency
Improvements
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SECTIONALISM
ISSUE NORTH WEST SOUTH
Tariffs HIGH HIGH LOW
Labor FREE FREE SLAVE
Western Land EXPENSIVE CHEAP CHEAP
Currency RELIABLE CHEAP CHEAP
Improvements
Use Paper Money
Money based On gold
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SECTIONALISM
ISSUE NORTH WEST SOUTH
Tariffs HIGH HIGH LOW
Labor FREE FREE SLAVE
Western Land EXPENSIVE CHEAP CHEAP
Currency RELIABLE CHEAP CHEAP
Improvements YES YES NO
Such as the building of roads and canals
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The Missouri Compromise of 1820

• It marked the beginning of the
• prolonged sectional conflict over
• the extension of slavery that led
• to the American Civil War.

View the Missouri Compromise Document
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• In 1819, Missouri wanted to enter the Union.
  However, there were already 11 free states and 11
  slave states.

Why did Missouri create a problem?
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Solution
Senator Henry Clay suggested drawing a line at
the 36º-30' N. latitude. Slavery would be
banned everywhere north of this line. Missouri
would join as a slave state, Maine as a free
state.
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The Missouri Compromise
36? - 30 Line
Balance slave and free states in the future.
South has eyes on Texas.
Click here to access a map of the Congressional
vote
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The Mexican War

• 1846-1848

Click here to access a timeline of the Mexican
War
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Causes of the War with Mexico

• Annexation of Texas
• Rio Grande or Nueces???
• America wanted Mexican Territory
• 30 million offered for New Mexico California
• 1846-minor clash took place in disputed land
  between the rivers

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BORDER DISPUTE
Mexico claims Nueces River as the border.
U.S. Claims Rio Grande as the border.
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Spot Resolution

• Lincoln told President Polk he would vote for the
  war only if he was shown the SPOT where the US
  was invaded
• Some Northerners believed it was a southern
  trick to expand slavery

Click here to view Lincolns Spot Resolution
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Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo

• America gains a relatively quick and easy
  military victory---takes longer to march South
  than to win the war
• Rio Grande established as Southern border of
  Texas
• Mexican Cession for 15 million
• Parts of present day California, Nevada, Utah,
  Arizona, New Mexico

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Problem

• After the war with
• Mexico (1848) what
• would the U.S. do
• with lands west of
• the Rocky Mountains?

California Gold Rush of 1849
The Missouri Compromise only applied to lands
east of the Rockies.
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COMPROMISE OF 1850

• CALIFORNIA WANTS TO JOIN UNION AS A FREE STATE
• POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY
• - LET PEOPLE VOTE
• TERRITORIES
• ABOLISH SELLING OF SLAVES IN D.C.
• STRICTER FUGITIVE SLAVE LAW

Ad for a Runaway Slave
See An Example of Northern resistance to the
Fugitive Slave Law
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Compromise of 1850
Enters as a Free State.
These territories were open to slavery.
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Compromise of 1850
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Click here to download the Kansas-Nebraska Act
movie clip. Be patient as it is a 5.5 MB file to
download.
Click here to view the Kansas-Nebraska Act
Legislation
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KANSAS-NEBRASKA ACT

• VIDEO QUESTIONS
• 1. Why did Sen. Douglas propose the act?
• 2. How did this law affect the Missouri
  Compromise? Why?
• 3. How do some Northerners (especially in
  Wisconsin) react to this law?

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Clay, Webster, Calhoun will die shortly after
the 1850 Compromise and with their deaths any
hopes of future compromises.
Conclusion

• Hostilities will erupt in Kansas making evident
  that slavery has become an emotional moral issue
  by the 1850s.