Film History

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Film History

• Innovations and Silence

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The Quest for Motion
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Camera Obscura
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Motion Machines
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Motion Capture
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Edison

• In the late 1880s worked on capturing and
  displaying motion photography
• Kinetograph
• Kinetoscope

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Record of a Sneeze (1889)
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Luminères Cinèmatographe

• December 28, 1895
• Basement of the Grand Café in Paris
• A Kinetoscope was combined with a magic latern
  to produce the 1st projected film.

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Annabelle (1896)
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Early Edison Films

• Uncle Josh at the Moving Picture Show
• 2 minutes in length
• Typical comedy of the era

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Footage
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Edwin S. Porter

• Edison Film technician
• Sequenced story telling in Film
• The Life on an American Fireman (1902)

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Porter The Great Train Robbery (1903)
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Footage
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George Mèliés

• French Film maker
• Began using increasingly complicated narrative
  structures, sets, and camera tricks

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A Trip to the Moon (1912)
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The Architect of Light
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D. W. Griffith
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The Father of American Film

• Features
• Epic Projects
• Modern stylized editing
• Long shots and Close-ups
• Sets Costumes

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The Birth of a Nation (1915)
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A Legacy of Bigotry
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Intolerance (1916)
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Failed Genius

• Lost Control
• By the late 20s, out of Hollywood
• Creative Genius Political Moron

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The Rise of the Feature

• Globally, Films increased length and complexity
  from 1910-1920.
• But, increased cost were beginning to change
  production.

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The First Theaters
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Film History

• The Star System, The Studio Era, and Film Art

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The Motion Picture Patent Company (MPPC)
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The Star System

• Florence Lawrence

• Fatty Arbuckle

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The Star System

• Mary Pickford

• William S. Hart

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The Star System

• Douglas Fairbanks

• Charlie Chaplin

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United Artists
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The Gold Rush (1925)
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Modern Times (1936)
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The Movie Palaces

• The Studios began to build extravagant theaters
• Theater as Star

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Opulence
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Stagnation

• Hollywood became more conventional to protect
  profits, limit risk
• Directors lost power

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Film Art

• 1908-1930
• Foreign Directors
• Heavy emphasis on theory
• Drew from Dali, Freud, Jung, modernism.

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Sergei Eisenstein

• Russian
• Student of Kuleshov
• Use of Montage
• Importance of the shot

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The Battleship Potemkin (1925)
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Friedrich Murnua

• German
• unchained camera
• Real locations
• Stylized editing
• Angular compositions
• Low Contrast

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Nosferatu (1922)
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Fritz Lang

• German
• Used light to emphasize geometrical patterns
• Highly stylized sets
• Used miniature sets with live action

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Metropolis (1926)
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More Foreign Artistry

• Swedish
• Japanese
• French
• British
• Italian