Managing Windows Server 2003 Network Services

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Chapter 8

• Managing Windows Server 2003 Network Services

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Objectives

• Implement Microsoft DHCP
• Implement Microsoft DNS
• Implement Microsoft WINS
• Install and configure Internet Information
  Services
• Configure a Telnet server

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Microsoft DHCP

• Protocol in TCP/IP suite
• Used with DHCP Services to detect the presence of
  a new network client and assign an IP address to
  that client
• The DHCP server has an assigned range of
  addresses
• A contiguous range of addresses is called a scope
• Multiple scopes are allowed in a single DHCP
  server to reflect subnet structure or network
  divisions
• Each address is assigned for a specific period of
  time

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Microsoft DHCP, cont.

• A single DHCP server can support up to 1000
  scopes and 10,000 DHCP clients
• A Microsoft recommendation, not a limit
• Option to automatically register forward and
  reverse lookup zone records with a DNS server
• DHCP server automatically updates the DNS server
  when it assigns an IP address
• Install DCHP using the Add and Remove Programs
  tool
• Networking service in Windows components

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Configuring a DHCP Server

• Set up one or more scopes of contiguous address
  ranges
• Provide DNS servers IP addresses when
  configuring each scope
• Activate each scope
• Authorize the DHCP server
• Used as security precaution to ensure careful
  management of IP addresses
• Configure DHCP server and its clients to
  automatically update DNS records
• Recommended, but not required

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Configuring Automatic DNS Registration

• Verify that the DHCP server is set up to
  automatically register the IP addresses it leases
• Verify that the DHCP server is configured for the
  types of clients on your network
• For servers with only Windows 2000, XP, or Server
  2003 clients, dynamically update records only if
  requested by clients
• Otherwise, always dynamically update DNS records
• For servers with Windows 95, 98, or NT clients,
  dynamically update records for clients that do
  not request updates

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Microsoft DNS

• Provides DNS namespace
• Resolves computer names to IP addresses and IP
  addresses to computer names
• Most compatible DNS server with Active Directory
• Offers DNS replication through Active Directory
• DNS servers should have static IP addresses
• Installation similar to other Windows components,
  such as DHCP
• Install before or while installing Active
  Directory

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DNS Zones

• Partition containing resource records in a lookup
  table
• Forward lookup zone
• Holds host name records that link computer names
  to IP addresses
• Automatically created for a DC in a domain
• Host address (A) resource record is for IPv4
• Host address (AAAA) resource record is for IPv6
• One server can have several forward lookup zones

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DNS Zones (cont.)

• Reverse lookup zone
• Holds the pointer (PTR) record
• Contains links from IP addresses to host names
• Not automatically configured when DNS is
  installed
• Can be used for monitoring a network with IP
  address information
• Create a reverse lookup zone before DNS forward
  lookup zone records are created
• When a forward lookup zone is created, an
  associated reverse lookup zone PTR record can be
  automatically created

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Using the DNS Dynamic Update Protocol

• Enables information in a DNS server to be
  automatically updated in coordination with DHCP
• Saves administrators a great deal of time
• Verify that DNS is configured to use the DNS
  dynamic update protocol
• Make the updates Secure, so only authorized
  clients can perform an update
• DHCP servers must also be configured to perform
  DNS registration

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DNS Replication

• Primary DNS server
• Designated as the authoritative server for a zone
• All changes to the zone must be made on this DNS
  server
• Secondary DNS servers
• Contains a copy of the primary DNS servers zone
  database
• Is not used for modifications
• Serves as a backup in case of failure
• Performs load balancing
• Reduces congestion

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DNS Replication (cont.)

• One DNS server can be authoritative for multiple
  domains
• One DNS server can be a secondary server for more
  than one primary server
• One DNS server can be a primary server for one
  zone and a secondary server for another zone
• If using Active Directory with two or more DCs,
  set up DNS services on at least two DCs to enable
  multimaster replication
• Provides uninterrupted DNS services for the
  network

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Troubleshooting DNS

• Make sure that the DNS server and DNS Client
  services are both started and set to start
  automatically on the DNS server
• Use the Computer Management tool to check the
  settings
• Status information
• Startup type box should be set to Automatic

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Microsoft WINS

• Automatically registers network clients that use
  NetBIOS
• Builds a database that other network clients can
  query in order to locate a computer
• Installation is similar to DHCP and DNS
• Typically use default configuration settings
• Can configure for replication with other WINS
  servers in a domain
• Troubleshoot by making sure WINS is started, or
  by stopping and restarting to reinitialize the
  service

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Microsoft Internet Information Services

• Allows Windows Server 2003 to behave as a Web
  server and offer a Web site
• Included with the Windows Server 2003
  installation CD-ROM
• Includes the Internet Server Application
  Programming Interface (ISAPI)
• Group of DLL files that are application and
  filters
• Application enables linking of other programs and
  speeds program execution
• Filters are used to automatically trigger
  programs

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Microsoft Internet Information Services (cont.)

• IIS contains World Wide Web services
• An IIS server can function as an SMTP, NNTP, and
  FTP server
• Windows Server 2003 provides
• Privileged-mode architecture
• Fault tolerance capabilities
• Database access using IIS Open Database
  Connectivity (ODBC) drivers
• IIS is compatible with security techniques such
  as MPPE, IPSec, and SSL encryption

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Installing IIS

• Windows Server 2003 installed on the host
  computer
• TCP/IP installed on the IIS host
• Access to an ISP
• IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway IP
  address
• Sufficient disk space for IIS and Web site files
• Disk storage formatted for NTFS for performance
  and security
• Name resolution method

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Virtual Directory

• URL formatted address that provides an Internet
  location for an actual physical folder on a Web
  server
• URL format consists of the server name, an alias
  for the virtual directory, and the file name
• Used to access and publish Web documents
• Create a virtual directory using the Virtual
  Directory Creation Wizard in the IIS Manager
• Configure security and other options using the
  properties tab

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Managing and Configuring an IIS Web Server

• Application pools
• Groups similar Web applications for management
• SMTP virtual server
• Manages Internet e-mail
• NNTP virtual server
• Manages newsgroup services
• Web service extensions
• For compatibility with FrontPage
• Enables the use of other extensions, such as
  Active Server pages and Internet printing

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Managing and Configuring an IIS Web Server (cont.)

• Web sites
• Manages multiple Web sites from one
  administrative Web server
• One default Web site is automatically set up
• Has several configuration parameters, including
  directory security with authentication access
  options
• The default is anonymous access

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Windows Media Services

• Provides streaming media services
• Streaming mode allows audio and video to begin
  playing as soon as received
• Separate from the IIS component
• Enables a Web server to serve voice and video
  multimedia applications
• Install using Add/Remove Windows Components after
  IIS is installed

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Telnet Server

• Protocol in TCP/IP suite that enables a client to
  act as a terminal to access a server
• Particularly useful for non-Windows clients
• Requires the following
• Telnet Server running on Windows Server 2003
• Microsoft Telnet Client or another version of
  Telnet on the client computer
• Server and client must be configured for TCP/IP
• User must have a user account and supply the
  account name and password when logging in

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Telnet Server

• Uses NTLM authentication to protect server access
• Windows Server 2003 Telnet Server Service can be
  started in two ways
• Through the Computer Management tool
• From the Command Prompt window
• Start telnet by typing telnet servername
• View a command prompt window on the server
• Enter telnet /? to view telnet command
  information

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Summary

• DHCP is a work-saving protocol because it enables
  IP addresses to be leased dynamically
• Configuring DHCP involves configuring scopes,
  which are ranges of IP addresses from which
  addresses are leased to clients
• Plan to configure DHCP to dynamically update DNS
• Part of configuring DNS involves forward and
  reverse lookup zones

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Summary

• Configure Dynamic DNS to enable automated IP
  address registration in coordination with a DHCP
  server
• Plan to set up two or more DNS servers on most
  networks and to integrate DNS with Active
  Directory for DNS replication and load balancing
• If your network uses NetBIOS naming, install WINS
• To implement a Web server, install Internet
  Information Services

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Summary

• Create IIS virtual directories to enable multiple
  users to publish on a Web site
• Plan to configure each Web site to control client
  timeout, server bandwidth, number of connections,
  and authentication
• Install Windows Media Services to enable a
  Windows 2003 Server, including one configured
  with IIS, to provide streaming multimedia
• If you have users, such as UNIX computers, that
  need to connect using Telnet, configure Windows
  2003 as a Telnet Server