Gas commercialisation technologies

1
Gas commercialisation technologies

• Alexandre ROJEY

2
Contents

• Main options
• Gas to Gas
• Gas to Fuels Chemicals
• Gas to Wire
• Conclusion

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Gas commercialisation technologiesmain options
Pipe
Liquefaction
LNG
Tanker
Contaminants
CNG
Chemical conversion

Fuels Chemicals Hydrogen
Natural gas
Treatment/ fractionation
Methane
Electricity generation

Electricity
NGL/ LPG towards chemicals

CO2
4
Selection criteria
Economics
Capacity Distance Gas quality
Market
Environment
Demand Competition with other sources Gas to gas
competition
No gas flaring H2S and other contaminants GHG
emissions
5
Gas through pipelines

• High capacities
• High pressures and highly tensile steels
• Offshore pipelines

6
Long-distance transportation cost for large gas
volumes
0.065
46
0.060
56
36
0.055
56
3
Conventional pressure (X
-
70)
0.050
Cost, US/m
0.045
42
High Pressure (X
-
80)
0.040
56
0.035
0.030
30
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
9
3
Capacity, 10
m
/year
Source GATE 2020 by ENI/IFP
7
Pipes/LNG Competition for 30 bcm/year capacity
5
6
US/10
BTU
GAS
4
GAS
OFFSHORE

ONSHORE
Conventional
Pressure
3
LNG


High
Pressure
2
1
0
5500
500
1500
2500
3500
4500
Miles
Source ENI
8
NGL / LNG / CNG

• Natural Gas liquids
• Very large LNG trains
• Mini LNG
• Offshore LNG
• CNG

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NGL production
Condensategas
Dry gas
Wet gas
Associated gas
Oil
Liquids
Offshore NGL recovery LPG FPSO
concept
10
International Gas Trade Prospects
40 - 43
36 - 37
30 - 31
LNG share in total trade
22.3
21.5
23.5
15.6
5.9
Source CEDIGAZ
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Liquefaction plants Increase in train capacity
Mt/year
RasGas Qatargas
Existing plants Projects
Atlantic LNG
Sakhalin II Snohvit LNG Tangguh Yemen LNG
Damietta
NLNG
Bontang III-E
MLNG 1
NLNG
Lumut
Das Is.1
Qatargas
Arun III
Skikda
Investment cost
350 t/yr
250 t/yr
270 t/yr
200 t/yr
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Liquefin process
High efficiency Plate-fin heat exchange line
modular approach Simplicity and reliability
Wide range of capacity
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Offshore LNG
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CNG transport economics
15
Chemical conversion

• FT synthesis
• Oxygenates MeOH, DME
• Hydrogen and chemicals (ammonia...)

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Chemicals hydrogen productionthrough syngas
generation
Acetic acid
SYNGAS
Formaldehyde
(CO H2)
MTBE
Fuels/ Additives
Methanol
FT Synthesis GTL
Hydrogen
Olefins
Fuel Cells
Ammonia
Fuel Cells Green Fuels
DME
Ultra-Clean Diesel Jet Fuel Lubricants Alpha
olefins
Urea
Diesel Fuel
LPG Substitute
Power Generation
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GTL process
Upgrading
Syngas Generation
FT Synthesis
Waxes
Final products
N.G.
Syngas
Oxygen/steam
Very large market Diesel fuels,
kerosene, naphtha Clean fuels No
sulfur, no aromatics Cost effective
technology New generation
technology Large capacity trains
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GTL Economics
Investment /BPD
29 000
27 000
25 000
23 000
21 000
19 000
19
21
25
17
27
23
Break Even /Bbl
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Gas to wire

• AC Current
• DC Current
• CO2 capture and storage
• combined with EOR

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AC/DC Wire transportation
Underground 56 H.P. pipeline
37m
5 lines 550 kV
(20 000 MW)
AC Transportation
HVDC Transportation
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Power generation with CCS
BP project "DF1-Miller"
Shell-Statoil Tjeldbergodden project
Hydrogen-fired power-plant 350 MW Pre-combustion
capture, EOR in 2009
Gas-fired power-plant 860 MW 2,5 Mt CO2 per
year, Post-combustion capture, EOR in 2012
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Conclusion

• New technologies widen the range of options
• Higher oil gas price facilitate investment
  decisions but lead to increasing costs
• CO2 have more and more to be taken into account