ANTIMICROBIAL DRUGS'

1
ANTIMICROBIAL DRUGS.

• Introduction.

2
KEY TERMS.

• Chemotherapy.
• Antimicrobial Drugs.
• Chemotherapeutic Agents.
• Selective Toxicity.
• Synthetic Drugs.
• Antibiotics.

3
HISTORY OF CHEMOTHERAPY.

• Paul Ehrlic.
• Alexander Fleming.
• Rene Dubos.
• Selman Waksman.

4
SPECTRUM OF ANTIMICROBIAL Activity.

• Spectrum of Activity.
• Broad Spectrum Drugs.
• Superinfection.

5
ACTION OF ANTIMICROBIAL DRUGS.

• Inhibition of Cell Wall Synthesis.
• Inhibition of Protein Synthesis.
• Injury to the Plasma Membrane.
• Inhibition of Nucleic Acid Replication and
  Transcription.
• Inhibition of Synthesis of Essential Metabolites.

6
COMMONLY USED ANTIMICROBIAL DRUGS-Antibacterial
Synthesis.

• Isoniazid (INH).
• Ethambutol.
• Sulfonamides.
• Quinolones and Fluoroquinolones.
• Antifungal synthetics.

7
ANTIBACTERIAL ANTIBIOTICS.

• Penicillin Natural and Semisynthetic.
• Monobactams.
• Cephalosporins.
• Carbapenems.
• Aminoglycosides.
• Tetracyclines.
• Chloramphenicol.

8

• Macrolides.
• Polypeotides.
• Vancomycin.
• Rifamycins.

9
OTHER ANTIFUNGAL DRUGS.

• Polyenes.
• Imidazoles and Triazoles.
• Griseofulvin.
• Additional Antifungal Drugs.
• Antiviral Drugs.
• Antiprotozoan and Antihelminthic Drugs.

10
TESTS TO GUIDE CHEMOTHERAPY-susceptibility
testing.

• Disk-Diffusion Method.
• Broth Dilution Tests.

11
Effectiveness of Chemotherapeutic Agents.

• Drug Resistance.
• Effects of Combinations of Drugs.
• The Future of Chemotherapeutic Agents.