Chemistry in Context

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Chapter 8
New Energy Sources For the New Century
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Compare!
any from below O2 Energy
(kJ/mol) Coal 30 C8H18
46 CH4
54 H2
286
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Preparing Hydrogen in the Lab
H2SO4(aq) Zn(s) H2(g)
ZnSO4(aq)
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Figure 8.1
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Electrolysis
286 kJ H2O(l) H2(g) ½ O2
Figure 8.2
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Using Heat Energy to Decompose Water
131 kJ H2O(g) C(s)
H2(g) CO(g)
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From Methane
165 kJ CH4(g) 2 H2O 4 H2(g)
CO2(g)
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Storing Problem!
Li(s) ½ H2(g) LiH(s) LiH(s)
H2O(l) H2(g) LiOH(aq)
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Fuel Cells A Slow Burn
In a chemical energy is converted into
electricity without burning the fuel.
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Figure 8.4
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Details
oxidation
H2(g) 2 H 2e- ½ O2(g) 2
H 2 e-
H2O(l)
reduction
H2(g) ½ O2(g) H2O(l)
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Getting around the Hydrogen
oxidation
CH3OH(l) H2O(l)
CO2(l) 6 H 6 e- 3/2 O2(g) 6 H 6 e-
3 H2O(l) CH3OH (l) 3/2 O2(g) CO2(l) 2 H2O
reduction
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Example

• C3H8 5 O2 3 CO2(g)
  4H2O(l)
• Identify the substance that undergoes oxidation
  and the substance undergoes reduction.

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Figure 8.7
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Figure 8.8
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Figure 8.12a
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Figure 8.12b
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Figure 8.13a
Figure 8.13b
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Figure 8.14
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Figure 8.15
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Figure 8.21
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Figure 8.22
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Figure 8.23
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