Residential Private Dwelling Fires

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Residential Private Dwelling Fires

• Henderson Fire Department
• Officer Development

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Overview

• Most Common Structure Fire in USA
• Majority of Fatal Fires - 70

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Objectives

• Identify type of construction for private
  dwellings
• Identify pertinent fire building codes
• Explain Fire behavior in these structures
• Describe construction benefits
• Recognize firefighting problems in private
  dwellings
• Explain basic offensive defensive tactics at
  private dwelling fires.
• Explain recognition basic tactics of attic
  fires
• Explain recognition basic tactics of basement
  fires

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The Occupant Factors

• Unsafe sleeping habits
• Carelessness and indifference
• Complacency
• Improper storage and housekeeping
• Home repair specialists

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Unsafe Sleeping Habits

• Closed bedroom doors?
• Smoke detectors?
• Smoking in Bed?

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Carelessness and Indifference
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Complacency
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Improper storage and housekeeping Pack Rat
Mentality
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Home repair specialists
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Construction

• Type V Wood Frame
• Most common
• Platform Frame
• Wood Trusses and I beams
• Aluminum and Steel Frame
• Poly-foam

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Type V - Lightweight Wood Frame Platform
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Aluminum and Steel Frame
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Concrete Home (polysteel, Tridiwall)
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Lightweight wood frame roof and walls on concrete
home
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Polysteel
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Codes

• Garages
• Floors, Walls Ceilings
• Attic Spaces
• Basements
• Hydrants
• Smoke CO detectors
• Residential Sprinklers

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Codes

• Garage 1 hour fire barrier

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Codes

• Floors, Walls Ceilings

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Codes

• Attic Space

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Codes

• Basements
• Emergency escape requirements
• How many basements?

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Codes

• Hydrants

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Codes

• Smoke CO detectors

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Codes

• Residential Sprinklers
• Size
• Access

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Firespread Construction Problems of Lightweight
Wood Construction

• Compromises in Platform Framing
• Soffits
• Minimal Dimensions of Wood
• Questionable Connection Methods
• Open Construction of Truss
• Laminated I Beams

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Compromises in Platform Framing
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Floor Compromise
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Floor Compromise
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Soffits
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Soffit
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Soffit around fire place
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Soffit around fireplace
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Soffit spaces
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Soffit spaces
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Soffit around bathtub
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Soffit around bathtub
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Minimal Dimensions of Wood
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Questionable connections Gusset plate
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Open Truss Construction
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Open truss construction
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Laminated I-Beams
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Soffit
Laminated I-Beams
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Construction Benefits of Private Dwellings

• Compartmentation
• Small room size
• Doors on most rooms
• Windows in most rooms
• Effective PPV

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Firefighting Problems in Private Dwellings

• Life Hazard
• Open Stairways
• Interior Finishes Furnishings
• HVAC
• Construction Voids
• Attic Space
• Dangerous Roofs
• Excessive Storage Debris

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Open Stairway
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Open Stairway
Bedrooms
Interior Finishes Furnishings
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HVAC unit in attic space Concentrated load
overhead
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Vent duct in floor space
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HVAC unit in attic space
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Construction Void in floor space
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r
Construction void in floor
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Soffits
Construction Void
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Open Attic Space
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Open Attic Space
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Dangerous Roof (steep pitch)
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Dangerous Roof
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Excessive Storage
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Excessive Storage
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Excessive Storage
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Basic Tactics Offensive

• Apparatus Positioning
• Water Supply
• Hoseline/Tools
• Ventilation
• Utilities
• Entry
• Search
• Extinguish
• Overhaul/Salvage

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Basic Assignments OffensiveResidential Structure

• Fire Attack
• Back-up
• Ventilation Group/Roof Division
• RIT
• On Deck
• Medical Group
• Safety
• Rehab
• Possible Exposure Division, Rescue Group

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Offensive Transitional Tactic

• Fire Attack
• Back-up
• Ventilation Group/Roof Division
• RIT
• On Deck
• Medical Group
• Rehab
• Safety
• Possibly Exposure Divisions/Rescue

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Offensive Fires in Multi-level homes

• Fire Attack
• Division 1, 2, 3, etc
• Ventilation Group or Roof Division
• RIT
• On Deck
• Medical Group
• Rehab
• Safety
• Possible Exposures/Rescue

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Basement Fire

• Recognition
• Maps
• Size-up
• Smoke conditions
• Concerns
• Tactics
• Ventilation
• Enter/Fire Attack
• Search

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Maps
Homes with basements are marked on our new adobe
maps. Know before you go in!
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Size-up for Basement
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Basic Assignments Basement Fire

• Fire Attack
• Back-up
• Evacuation Group or Division 1, 2, etc
• Ventilation Group (possible roof div.)
• RIT
• On Deck
• Medical
• Rehab
• Safety
• Possible Exposures/Rescue

67
Attic Fires

• Recognition
• Isolated Attic Fire
• Fire Extension into the Attic
• Concerns
• Isolated Attic Fire
• Fire Extension into the Attic
• Tactics
• Ventilation
• Fire Attack

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Isolated Attic Fire
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Fire extension into the attic
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Basic Tactics Defensive

• Apparatus Positioning
• Water Supply
• Master Streams Large Handlines
• Protect Most Threatened Exposure or Attack Fire
  Building
• Establish Defensive Boundaries and Assign
  Divisions Surround Drown
• Utilities

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Basic Assignments Defensive

• Divisions A, B, C, D in order of priority
• RIT
• Medical Group
• Rehab
• Safety
• Possibly PIO Staging

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Changing StrategyOffensive to Defensive

• Withdraw Order Given
• Acknowledge Withdraw Order
• Assemble Crew and Exit
• Conduct PAR and notify Command
• Request New Orders
• Withdraw vs Abandon

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Sets Reps Private Dwelling Fires

• Complete dispatch and en-route responsibilities
• Complete brief initial report
• Identify command mode
• Identify Strategy
• Conduct initial size-up
• Develop Incident Action Plan
• Establish, construct and operate an appropriate
  and effective ICS
• Evaluate and request adequate resources
• Make appropriate assignments with tactical
  objectives
• Identify benchmarks and communicate when
  appropriate
• Conduct on-going size-up and adjust IAP
  accordingly
• Complete Tactical worksheet and maintain
  personnel accountability
• Explain and justify strategy decision, IAP,
  tactics and assignments
• Identify critical factors apply RMP

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Residential Situation Evaluation

• Building
• Fire
• Occupancy
• Life Hazard
• Arrangement
• Resources
• Actions
• Special Circumstances

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