Sustainable Development: Examples from Agriculture

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Sustainable Development Examples from Agriculture
The Meaning of Sustainability Measuring
Sustainability Ecuador Land Use Change and
Poverty Peru, Kenya, Senegal
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What is sustainability?

• Bruntland Comission meet current needs without
  compromising ability to meet future needs
• Irreversibility and substitution of natural
  capital and produced capital
• Tradeoffs vs win-win
• How do we measure sustainability?
• indicators

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Economic, Environmental and Health Tradeoffs in
Agriculture Pesticides and the Sustainability of
Andean Potato Production
Carchi
The problem
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The Challenge Support informed decision
makingThe Approach Tradeoff Analysis
Is TOA always a linear process?

• Public stakeholders
• Policy makers
• Scientists

• Identify key sustainability indicators and
  tradeoffs
• Identify technology and policy scenarios

• Identify key disciplines in research team
• Define spatial and temporal scales of analysis
  for
• disciplinary integration and policy analysis

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• Tradeoff curves feasible combinations of
  sustainability indicators
• Technology and policy scenarios using data and
  modeling tools to explore options and find
  win-win solutions.

People may choose to trade off income for health
or environmental quality, or vice-versa!
Health Environment
Why not use BCA?
Farm Income
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The Research Team, Data, MethodsMany individuals
contribute to a team effort

• Crop science DSSAT crop models (CIP, IFDC,
  INIAP)
• Environment Pesticide leaching fate, water
  quality, spatial analysis (Cornell Wageningen
  INIAP CIP, local NGOs).
• Human Health Epidemiology of poisonings, farm
  worker health, food residues (U Toronto local
  health professionals and NGOs).
• Economics Farm-level dynamic survey integrated
  simulation modeling and tradeoff analysis (Mont
  State U, CIP, INIAP).

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Implementing the TOA Approach the TOA Software
A modular approach to integrate spatial data and
disciplinary models to simulate agricultural
systems. See www.tradeoffs.nl for on-line course
and downloadable software
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Results and Impacts Human Health
IPM and Worker Safety Scenarios Tradeoffs vs
Win-Wins
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Results and Impacts Environment

• Preliminary analysis showed little chemical
  leaching in deep volcanic soils.
• Analysis accounting for heterogeneity within
  fields showed much higher potential for
  environmental impact.

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Results and Impacts Environment

• Preliminary analysis showed little chemical
  leaching in deep volcanic soils.
• Analysis accounting for heterogeneity within
  fields showed much higher potential for
  environmental impact.

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Results and Impacts Environment
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Results and Impacts EnvironmentSpatially-explici
t approach provides basis for environmental risk
assessment
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Results and Impacts Community

• Provincial govt proclamation
• Farmer field schools for IPM
• and safe use
• Information programs for
• communities schools

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Environmental vulnerability fragile lands

• 1.3 b. people live on fragile lands, many in
  extreme poverty
• numbers growing as more productive land
  exhausted
• competition for land, water other resources a
  source of conflict
• marginal lands settled by refugees displaced
  people
• rapid expansion onto marginal lands means lack
  of knowledge about how to manage it
• ag RD (Green Rev) not designed to address
  marginal lands

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Some examples Peru
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Some examples Peru
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Some examples Ecuador
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Some examples Ecuador
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Some examples Kenya
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Some examples Kenya
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Some examples Kenya
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Some examples Senegal
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Some examples Senegal