Artificial Intelligence

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Artificial Intelligence

• ByJohn Debovis Keith Bright

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What is Artificial Intelligence?

• Artificial intelligence (AI) is the field of
  computer science that seeks to build autonomous
  machinesmachines that can carry out complex
  tasks without human intervention.
• Research in AI is concerned with producing
  machines to automate tasks requiring intelligent
  behavior.

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Intelligent Agents

• An agent is a device that responds to stimuli
  from its environment.
• An agent could be a robot, an autonomous plane, a
  character in a video game, or a program commuting
  over the Internet.
• The goal of Artificial Intelligence is to build
  agents that behave intelligently.

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Turing Test

• Can Machines Think?
• Turing Test was a test designed in the 1950s to
  solve this question.
• Layout
• A human interrogator sits in a room and uses a
  computer terminal to communicate with two
  respondents, A and B.
• The interrogator knows that one respondent is
  human and the other is computer.
• After having a conversation with A and B, the
  human must decide which respondent was the
  computer.
• Is it a good test for intelligence?
• Some argue that the Turing Test doesnt
  demonstrate that a computer understands language

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Turing Test Equivalence

• Weak Equivalence
• A computer that passes the Turing test would
  demonstrate weak Equivalence, meaning that the
  two systems are equivalent
• Strong Equivalence
• Indicates that two systems use the same internal
  processes to produce results
• Some AI researchers assert that the true
  artificial intelligence will not exist until we
  have achieved strong equivalence
• Chatbots/Eliza programs have been developed for
  the Turing Test

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Strong AI vs. Weak AI

• Weak AI
• The assumption that machines can be programmed to
  exhibit intelligent behavior.
• Accepted to varying degrees by a wide audience
• Strong AI
• The assumption that machines can be programmed to
  possess intelligence and consciousness.
• Widely debated
• Opponents of Strong AI argue that a machine is
  inherently different from a human and can never
  think about itself the same a human does.

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Robotics

• Robotics is the study of physical, autonomous
  agents that behave intelligently.
• The development of faster, lighter weight
  computers has lead to greater research in mobile
  robots that can move about.
• ASIMO
• Despite great advances, most robots are still not
  very autonomous. They rely on human operators for
  intelligence.

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Current Progress

• Researched aspects of AI
• Looked in programming examples and how they can
  be used with ELIZA
• Investigated how ELIZA operates and relates to
  Turing Test

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ELIZA

• ELIZA is a famous program which rephrases many of
  the user's statements as questions and poses them
  to the user.
• Example
• The response to "My head hurts" might be "Why do
  you say your head hurts?" The response to "My
  mother hates me" might be "Who else in your
  family hates you?"
• We plan on developing our own intelligent agent
  that is similar to ELIZA.
• Example