Chapter 2 Physical Geography: A Living Planet

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Chapter 2Physical Geography A Living Planet
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Section 1 The Earth Inside and Out

• 1. The earth is the only living planet
• Continents landmasses above water on earth

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Solar System
Consists of the sun and 9 known planets,
(actually 8 now!) as well as other celestial
bodies that orbit the sun.
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Inside the Earth

• Core center of the earth (iron and nickel)
• Mantle several layers surrounding the core
• Crust thin layer of rock at the earths surface

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Biosphere

• The part of the earth where plants and animals
  live (atmosphere, lithosphere and hydrosphere)

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On and Above the Earth

• Atmosphere layer of gases surrounding the earth
  (contains oxygen, protects the earth from
  radiation and space debris, and provides a medium
  for weather and climate

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Lithosphere

• Solid rock portion of the earth (includes crust
  and uppermost mantle, ocean floor, etc.)

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Hydrosphere

• Made up of water elements of the earth (oceans,
  seas, rivers, lakes and water in the atmosphere)

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• 2. The earth consists of plates that float

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• 3. The theory of continental drift explains the
  formation of continents

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Section 2 Bodies of Water and Landforms

• 1. Water covers 71 of the earths surface

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Hydrologic Cycle

• 2. The water on earth is continuously circulated
  between the atmosphere, the oceans, and the earth

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• Drainage Basin - Area drained by a major river
  and its tributaries
• Ground Water water held in the pores of rocks
• Water Table the rim level at which rocks are
  saturated

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Landforms

• Naturally formed features on the surface of the
  earth
• (See pg. 34-35 for all landforms)
• Relief difference in elevation of a landform
  from lowest to highest point

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Topography

• The combination of the surface shape and
  composition of the landforms and their
  distribution in a region

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• 3. The ocean floor and the continents have a
  continental shelf and slope

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continental shelf
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Continental Shelf

• Earths surface from the edge of a continent to
  the deep part of the ocean

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