Decentralization

1
Decentralization Design

• Technological
• networked info economy
• distributed generation
• miniaturization
• Ecological economic biomimicry / ecosystem
  model of development
• Social creativity base human-scale
• Localization

2
Environmental Protection Perspective

• protection / eco-efficiency / politics of limits
• involves controls on profit-motive and/or
  engineering incentives and disincentives to
  spin-off social enviro benefits from profit
  motive
• no fundamental changes in economic and political
  power
• no fundamental change in industrialisms labour /
  resources relationship

3
Historical Trends in Regulation

• Early industrial capitalism
• Unconscious-decentralized / focus on material
  needs / subordination of state to markets
  Invisible Hand / focus on production / unbridled
  exploitation of nature / theoretical democracy
• Fordist state-socialist industrialism
• Conscious-centralized / new (and disguised) focus
  on non-material needs / Need for more planning
  political intervention / More concern with
  consumption (quantitative) demand / managed
  exploitation of nature / representative
  democracy
• Postindustrial Potentials (today)
• Conscious-decentralized / direct focus on
  non-material needs / integration
  transformation of state markets / integration
  with nature / direct democracy
• Super-industrialism Post-Fordist globalization
  avoidance, suppression or channeling of the
  above. Crisis.

4
Trends in Mainstream Regulation

• End-of-pipe control and cleanup 70s
• Point Source Prevention 80s
• Consumption Patterns and Product System Design
  today

5
River (Industrial-Linear) vs. Lake
(Green-Cyclical) Economy

• resources Life cycle approach
• human need end-use approach
• EPR and design for environment
• is industrial capitalism a form of quantitative
  development or accumulation?
• explains why efficiency or even profit isn't
  enough question of self interest
• Stahel issue of liability
• Beyond Capitalism Socialism
• What forms of Ownership support
• Stewardship?

6
Industrial Ecology Service

• Industrial ecostructure Reuse-based
  Manufacturing
• entails new levels of producer liability
• reduces both the flow of resources and their
  speed through the economy
• encourages local/regional economies, and
• facilitates high skill levels

7
Manufacturing the Ecological Service Economy

• Production contributes to Qualitative Wealth
• Waste Equals Food
• Dematerialization of Production and Higher
  Resource Efficiency
• Reduction of the Speed of Resource Flow through
  the Economy
• Appropriate Scale
• Regenerative Work is Created
• New Rules Closed Loops LCA and EPR

8
Production in an Eco-economy

• Craft money and the economy of labour time
• Eco-infrastructure and food, energy and water
• Eco-industrial Parks and Networks
• industrial ecosystems
• biorefineries
• eco-Flexible Manufacturing Networks

9
Benign Materials the Carbohydrate Economy

• plant matter as the original source of synthetics
  plastics
• biological revolution genetic engineering make
  possible cheaper more prolific creation of
  enzymes.
• biochemicals less toxic degrade more quickly
  than petrochemicals.
• detergents, paints, dyes, inks, adhesives,
  fabrics, building materials, etc.
• zero discharge and industrial clusters
• complete use of plant materials
• plantations, biorefineries and green cities

10
The Centrality of the Landscape

• The industrial age replaced the natural
  processes of the landscape with the global
  machinewhile regenerative design seeks now to
  replace the machine with landscape.
• John
  Tillman Lyle

11
The Soft Energy Path

• A flexible diverse mix of energy supply
• Primacy of Renewable energy sources
• Focus on End-use, on Conservation, and on
  efficiency of use
• Energy matched to the task at hand in both
  QUALITY and SCALE
• Participation-oriented structure--in both
  production and consumption
• People-intensive development and Job-creation

12
Energy Spatial Organization

• Energy the Landscape
• Eco-infrastructure going with nature
• The Eco-system Model eco-infill
• Integrating the Divided Economy
• Every place a locus of eco-production
• Buildings as producers not just
• consumers of energy

13
Key Areas of Green Building

• Green Building Certification
• --new construction
• --retrofit
• --neighbourhoods
• Natural Building eco-community design

14
Loops in Building
15
Waste Design for AdaptabilityShearing Layers
16
Localization

• LOIS vs. TINA
• Local First not buy local
• Multipliers
• Employment
• Stability / security
• Peak Oil / Corporate Mobility
• Quality of Life
• Efficiency