Childsmile Working with children in the clinicalcommunity setting

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ChildsmileWorking with children in the
clinical/community setting

• By the end of this session participants will be
  able to
• Define early child Development
• Identify ways working with young children

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Session outline

• Group discussion re child development
• Presentation re early child development
• Working with children in the clinical/community
  setting
• Managing fear and anxiety in children

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What is your understanding of child Development
from 0 5 years?Discuss in small groups
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Babies (0 12 Months)

• Baby is adjusting to life outside the womb
• Crying is a normal
• Showing a wide variety of feelings and expresses
• Recognises familiar people and likes to smile at
  them
• Beginning to show fear around unknown people
• Strong reaction to strangers and clings to
  parent.

5
12 18 Months

• Beginning to show negative emotions and may
  resist
• naps, refuse some foods and may have tantrums
• Begins to understand turn taking games
• Needs comfort and reassurance from parents/carers
• carer leave.

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Two Years

• Can Shows extreme behaviour -
• Angry when stopped doing something that is
  unsafeTemper tantrums are common
• Needs parent/carer to tell them what is right and
  wrong
• Easily distracted because of short attention span
• Has little concept of sharing plays alone
  alongside other children

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Three Years

• Play is the main activity of this stage and
  is important in the of identity and confidence
• Demonstrates a balance of happiness and
  contentment
• Vivid imagination and can have imaginary
  friends
• Ability to bargain but not to reason
• Less frustrated and angry
• Fear of dark remains and may have fear of
  moving objects and fear of being abandoned by
  parent

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Four Years

• Enjoys jokes and silly games and loves showing of
• Play still very important
• Can still demonstrate stubbornness, aggression,
• A sense of past/future developing
• Needs parent for support and reassurance
• A sense of self

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Five Years

• Becoming more independent and can be serious and
  realistic at times
• Demonstrates anger by slamming doors and stamping
  of feet and verbally by saying I hate you .
• Friendly talkative to strangers
• May worry that something might happen to a parent
  while the child is not there and parents will not
  be available to them when needed
• Protective and kind towards parents

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• Childrens understanding of the world is very
  different to ours

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What frightens children?
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Things that frighten children

• The unknown
• Sight of anaesthetic syringe
• Sight, sound and sensation of the drill
• Mutilation
• Choking
• Perceived expectation of ill-treatment/trauma
• Dont talk to strangers

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Influencing factors

• Childs own psychological make-up
• Previous experience
• Attitude and experience of family
• Their own understanding
• Emotional development

• The behaviour of the Dentist/ Dental
  nursed/hygienist

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Ways of working with children
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DVD
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Do Not

• Bribe a child/Coax
• Ignore fear
• Lose patience with a child
• Shout
• Threaten

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EMPATHY

• Sympathetic, identification and understanding
  ofsomeone else feelings or motives.

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Empathy

• Create an environment in which the child feels
  safe
• Use a kind empathetic approach using directive
  guidance and reinforcement to establish
  cooperation and obtain rapport
• Allow the child some control over treatment
• Questions for feelings
• E.G. Are you OK? Are you feeling tired?
• Are you OK?

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Socialisation Process

• Learning how to become human and behave in
  ways that are generally acceptable to others. It
  is a process that begins at birth and continues
  throughout our life. It is always changing and we
  are continuously faced with learning how to
  behave in new and different situations
• 2 basic types of socialisation

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Primary Socialisation meaning first and refers
to the first socialisation

• Primary socialisation occurs between the
  individual and those people in their life with
  whom they have a close relationship with (nuclear
  family)

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• Secondary socialisation mainly occurs when
  children attend education
• The individual does not have a close personal
  relationship with the person and represents the
  way the child starts to learn about the nature of
  the social world beyond our primary contacts
  (parents, guardians and immediate close
  relations)