PostPETROLEUMpedagogy

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Post-PETROLEUMpedagogy
CELA Tucson
Ken McCown, ASLA Associate Professor, School of
Architecture and Landscape Architecture Arizona
State University Dr. Bob Scarfo,
ASLA Associate Professor, Spokane
Interdisciplinary Design Institute Washington
State University Joan Woodward, FASLA Professor,
Department of Landscape Architecture Cal Poly
Pomona
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Presentation
-Peak oil -Implications -Solutions -Landscape
architects -Building capacity -Case studies
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Peak Oil the point in time when global oil
production reaches a peak.
2007
The Community Solution The Power of Community
2006
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c. 2100
c. 1850
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Definition Peak Oil refers to when global oil
production peaks.
Once we hit that peak, daily production rates
will decline gradually.
160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0
http//peakoil.com/images/exxon.jpg
PEAK OIL PREDICTIONS 2005- Kenneth Deffeyes,
Richard Heinberg 2006- Henry Groppe, Matthew
Simmons 2007- Bakharrti, Duncan, ODAC 2010- Colin
Campell 2013- Rembrandt Koppelaar 2015- Jean
Laherrere, PFC Energy After 2020- CERA After
2030- USGS
1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
2015 2020
peak oil
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Implications for Post-Peak Oil Society

• Cost of all consumer goods, water and food will
  increase
• Food production will require more land and labor
  food shortages are likely
• Private auto transportation will be cost
  prohibitive
• Alternative transit and energy sources will not
  be able to handle demand
• Suburban residents will be increasingly isolated
  from daily needs
• Employment types will shift towards labor
  intensive jobs

peak oil
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• Three Ways to Address Peak Oil
• Continual Resource Competition
• Reliance on Alternative Energy

Natural Gas 6.8-10.3

• Decrease Energy Consumption through
• Community Design and Planning

Nuclear 4.0
Coal 2.5
-5 0 5
10 15
Tidal 15
Biofuel 0.81
Wind 0.03-2
Solar 0.41-1.7
ENERGY RETURN ON ENERGY INVESTED (ERoEI)
peak oil
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peak oil
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• The Academy
• -University as instigator/catalyst
• Landscape Architecture
• -Designing from resource
• -Multiple systems simultaneously
• Shifting pedagogical focus
• -Scenario modeling / time-based work
• -Assessment tools, metrics and benchmarks
  systems and processes
• -Necessity of interdisciplinary collaboration
• -Integration of urban design and planning theory

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• Scarfo
• Serious times now due to first-time ever coeval
  trends
• -Oil and water scarcity
• -Aging
• -Health
• -Climate change
• -Speed and size of impacts
•  
• Recognition of a need to more quickly identify,
  design for, and implement changes
  business-as-usual approach to becoming less oil
  dependent is not fast enough.
•  
•  

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• Understanding Impacts and organization of key
  groups around issue
• Identification of critical regional and local
  systems for metropolitan resiliency
• Analysis of critical systems for strengths,
  weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT)
• Proactive localization and response to analysis
  through creative planning and urban design

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Addressing Peak Oil Through Urban Design and
Regional Planning

• There is a critical role for urban designers and
  the environmental design professions to play in
  compensating for the coming energy gap
• It is essential to understand the regional
  context of systems and resources through the
  coming energy gap
• Design professionals must focus upon this issue
  and collaborate to solve the implications of the
  energy gap

peak oil
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Water Energy Agriculture/Food Transportation She
lter/Land Use/Policies and Codes Waste
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WATER Use local resources sustainably FOOD Grow
local MOBILITY Diversify transit
options SHELTER Condense the footprint
COMMUNITY Connect people and place ENERGY
Reduce consumption
Goals
Addressing Peak Oil through community planning
and design
Phoenix
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A Post Peak-Oil Plan Raises Preparedness Analyzin
g existing strengths, weaknesses, threats, and
opportunities Provides a Vision Identifying
assets to enhance opportunities to create a
forward-looking city Create Awareness Educate
and empower citizens to take individual and
collective action BuildCivic Leadership Coordinat
e municipal and institutional leaders to apply
their skills to strengthen urban systems and
encourage community cohesion Illuminate the
Critical Role of Urban Design and Planning Meet
the new challenges of sustainability by focusing
not only on how much energy we have but on how
much energy we use (KEY)
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Precedent Ventura
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Continuous Innovation, Adaptability, and
Livability
Major Roads
Building Footprint
Remediation
Park Creation
Green Roofs
Agricultural Support Corridors
Agricultural Corridors
Transportation
Precedents
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Future
2008
BUSINESS PARK
PEDESTRIAN CORRIDOR
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Future
2008
ASPHALT ROAD
AGRICULTURAL CORRIDORS
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Future
2008
PARKING LOT
PUBLIC PLAZA ALONG TRANSIT
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Future
2008
SUBURBAN STREET
COMMUNAL SPACES
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Future
2008
SUBURBAN NEIGHBORHOOD
WILDLIFE AND COMMUNITY GARDENS
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Outcomes
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• Peak Oil Plan for Ventura Evaluation
• Can decrease countywide water demand by 20
  billion gallons per year
• Supply food for 100 of the countys population
• 85 of the citys population would live within ½
  mile of public transportation
• 85 of the citys population would live on 26 of
  the city land area

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Thank You Questions?
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Presentation design Isby Swick Sony Reed Henry
Fleischman Matt Deines Yarnie Chen Juan Carlos
Artolozaga Ponciano Garragos Ken McCown