Engineering Design

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EST 200, Design and Engineering

• MEC

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Course Outcomes
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Coverage

• Design Process.
• Design Thinking .
• Design Communication.
• Design Engineering.
• Expediency, Economics and Environment.

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Text Books

• Yousef Haik, Sangarappillai Sivaloganathan, Tamer
  M. Shahin, Engineering Design Process, Cengage
  Learning, 2003, Third Edition, ISBN-10
  9781305253285.
• Voland, G., Engineering by Design, Pearson
  India, 2014, Second Edition, ISBN 9332535051.

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Other References

• Philip Kosky, Robert Balmer, William Keat, George
  Wise, Exploring Engineering, Fourth Edition An
  Introduction to Engineering and Design, Academic
  Press 2015, 4th Edition, ISBN 9780128012420.
• Clive L. Dym, Engineering Design A
  Project-Based Introduction, John Wiley Sons,
  New York 2009, Fourth Edition, ISBN
  978-1-118-32458-5.
• Nigel Cross, Design Thinking Understanding How
  Designers Think and Work, Berg Publishers 2011,
  First Edition, ISBN 978-1847886361.
• Pahl, G., Beitz, W., Feldhusen, J., Grote, K.-H.,
  Engineering Design A Systematic Approach,
  Springer 2007, Third Edition, ISBN
  978-1-84628-319-2.

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Engineering Design

• MEC

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Contents

• Definition.
• Components.
• Design Levels.
• Importance and Challenges.
• Failure of Engineering Designs.
• Systematic Design.

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Design

• Wikipedia defines design as
• A plan or specification for the construction
  of an object or system or for the implementation
  of an activity or process, or the result of that
  plan or specification in the form of a prototype,
  product or process.
• Designer A person who produces the design.

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Definition

• ABET Definition
• - process of devising a system,
• component, or process to meet the
• desired needs.
• - iterative decision making process.
• - basic sciences, mathematics, and
• engineering sciences applied to
• optimally convert resources to meet a
• stated objective.
• - scientific and creative process.

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Fundamental Elements of Design Process

• Establishment of objectives and criteria,
  synthesis, analysis, construction, testing, and
  evaluation.
• Include realistic constraints
• economic factors, safety, reliability,
  aesthetics, ethics, and social impact.

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Engineering Design Components

• Development of creativity.
• Use of open-ended problems.
• Development and use of modern design theory and
  methodology.
• Formulation of design problem statement and
  specifications.
• Production processes.
• Concurrent engineering design.
• Detailed system description.

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Central Activity of Engineering Design
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Engineering Design
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Design Levels

• Adaptive design, developed design, and new
  design.
• Adaptive Design
• - if development has practically ceased.
• - hardly anything left for the designer.
• - only minor modifications.
• - adaptation of existing designs.
• - Design activity demands no special
• knowledge/skill.
• - problems easily solved with ordinary
• technical training.

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Design Levels

• Development Design
• - more scientific training and design ability
• needed.
• - starts from an existing design.
• - final outcome may differ markedly from
• the initial product.

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Design Levels

• New Design
• - small in number.
• - most difficult level.
• - generation of a new concept.
• - need mastering all the previous skills.
• - creativity and imagination, insight, and
• foresight.

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Importance of Engineering Design

• Design as a scientific and a creative process.
• Most of the input will have to come from the
  designer.
• Without a design, there would be no product !
• Design does not start with an engineering drawing.

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Importance of Engineering Design

• Final engineering drawing as the lab report of
  the final design, a method of communicating the
  design with others.
• If a product is poorly designed, the end product
  still will be a bad idea, may fail.
• No one likes to purchase a bad idea.
• Appearance, reliability and quality of the item
  and then price matters for a consumer.

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Importance of Engineering Design

• Many people willing to pay a bit more if they see
  the benefits.
• Design for minimum cost makes a product
  competitive in the marketplace.
• Investing money and resources at the design stage
  yields the biggest return on investments.
• Changes can be made easily at design stage.
• Changes made later are costly.

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Failure of Engineering Designs

• Not all that engineers build has become
  successful.
• Occasionally, catastrophic failures occur.
• Reason for failures
• Incorrect/overextended assumptions.
• Poor understanding of the problem.
• Incorrect design specifications.
• Faulty manufacturing and assembly.
• Error in design calculations.

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Failure of Engineering Designs

• Incomplete experimentation.
• Inadequate data collection.
• Errors in drawings.
• Faulty reasoning from good assumptions.
• Many designs that are technical success and no
  faults occur still fail to achieve their desired
  goals.
• Many achieve them but are not adopted by the
  users.

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Engineering Designs

• Designers to have the creative and technical
  skills to develop an idea to become a reality.
• Designers to predict each step of product life
  from visualization to realization and finally to
  the end of its life cycle and how it will be
  disposed of and/or recycled.

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Engineering Designs

• Designers to develop a product that sponsors will
  like and fund all the way down to the
  distributors, vendors, users, operators, and
  society as a whole.
• Predicting whether people will like and use a
  product developed by the designer somewhat of a
  challenge.
• Systematic design process to guide the designer
  to achieve goals with creativity.

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Steps for Systematic Design

• Many factors in engineering design not based on
  mathematical models.
• Engineering design process to be systematic.
• Steps
• Identifying Customer Requirements.
• Product Concept.
• Solution Concept.
• Embodiment Design.
• Detailed Design.

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Systematic Design

• Design engineer to learn to think independently,
  to draw conclusions, and to combine solutions.
• Understanding, logical deduction, and judgment
  acquired only by diligent thinking and working
  with prior knowledge.
• Need for imagination to do independent design.

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Thank You