INHALANTS

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PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY- I
Faculty Member . Mr. Maroti M. Jeurkar Lecturer,
YBCP, chandrapur
INHALANTS
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• INHALANATS
• Inhalants-Inhalants are the drugs or chemicals
  which in vapour form are inhaled in the body.
• Inhalation-Inhalation is the process through
  which inhalants are taken in the body
• Some chemicals act as anesthetic in vapour form
• These are administered by inhalation by a closed
  mask method
• Inhalation of gases cause changes in
  physiological function bring pharmacological
  actions.
• This will depend upon the gas, its concentration,
  the condition in which it is used.
• Thus action effect of gas will be different under
  different condition.

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• Role of Oxygen
• It is important to the living cells. It is
  necessary for normal metabolic processes in the
  body also for the production of energy.
• Transport of oxygen is carried by haemoglobin
  aconstituent of blood oxygen combines with
  haemoglobin forms oxyhaemoglobin HbO2----
  HbO2
• This complex rapidly dissociates to release
  oxygen in the cell. Number of factors are
  responsible for association dissociation of
  oxyhaemoglobin
• ...e.g.temp.pH,electrolytes,CO2 carbon
  monoxide.
• By inhalation during respiration oxygenation of
  blood takes place in the alveoli in the lungs
  thus more oxygen is needed in anoxic condition
  (hypoxaemia)

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OXYGEN Formula-02 Physical properties-1) It is
colourless, odourless gas volume of gas is
dissolved in 32 volumes of water 2)Chemical
properties - 1) Oxygen combines with non-metal's
forms oxide like a)SO2----SO2
b) C02----CO2
2) Oxygen combines metals forms oxide like
4Fe302 ----2Fe2O3
2Mg02----2MgO Storage labeling-It
should be stored in metallic cylinders with
specific valves which should not be lubricated
with grease or oil. The shoulder of cy should be
painted with white remaining part with black
containing a label symbol of Pharmaceutical
Chemistry Uses 1)it is used in the treatment of
Hypoxia 2)For artificial respiration 3)
Essential for normal respiratory functions 4) In
carbon monoxide poisoning 5) Liquid oxygen is
used as rocket fuel 6) Used to produce
oxyacetylene flame(Welding)
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• ROLE OF CARBON DI-OXIDE
• Carbon di-oxide is rapidly absorbed carried by
  blood both in the cels in the plasma large
  quantity of CO2 produced is eliminated by lungs
  in the expelled air.
• A large quantity of CO2 can not remain in the
  dissolved form in plasma it exists in three major
  factors.
• i. As a calbonic acid after combining with water
• H2O CO2----- H2CO3
• ii. As a carbamino bond form in which it combines
  with proteins again mainly with haemoglobin
• iii. Carried as a bicarbonate ion with other
  cations In utilization of CO2 under normal
  physiological conditions, the pH of blood is
  maintained via carbonic acid its conversion
  into bicarbonate ion

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• CARBON DIOXIDE
• Formula- CO2
• Physical properties-
• It is colorless, odorless gas
• It is soluble in water
• 3) when carbon dioxide gas is over lime water it
  forms calcium carbonate CO2Ca(OH)2-----CaCO3
  H2O
• 4) When gas is passed in a solution of calcium
  carbonate a milky white precipitate of calcium
  bicarbonate is formed
• CO2CaCO3H2O----Ca(HCO3)2
• Storage labeling-Carbon dioxide should be
  stored in metallic cylinders of cool temperatures
  hot exceeding 31C the cylinder should be painted
  with grey a symbol of gas (CO2)
• Uses
• It is used as a respiratory stimulant
• It is used in the treatment of poisoning
• It is used in the Soft drinks used in drug addicts

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NITROUS OXIDE Mol Formula N2O
Synonyms- Physical properties-1) It is
colourless, odourless gas 2) It is having sweet
taste 3) It is soluble in water and
alcohol Storage labeling-It should be stored
under pressure in metallic cylinders painted blue
carries a label stating nitrous oxide
(N2O) Uses1) It is used as analgesic 2) It is
used for anaesthetics. 3) It is used in dental
preparations, minor operations
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