Electroconvulsive Therapy(ECT)

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Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)
Causes, Medications And Treatments
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INTRODUCTION
WHAT IS Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)
Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) Is A Procedure,
Done Under General Anesthesia, In Which Small
Electric Currents Are Passed Through The Brain,
Intentionally Triggering A Brief Seizure. ECT
Seems To Cause Changes In Brain Chemistry That
Can Quickly Reverse Symptoms Of Certain Mental
Health Conditions. Electroconvulsive Therapy
(Ect) Is A Procedure, Done Under General
Anesthesia, In Which Small Electric Currents Are
Passed Through The Brain. ECT Is Much Safer
Today. It Now Uses Electric Currents Given In A
Controlled Setting To Achieve The Most Benefit
With The Fewest Possible Risks.
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CAUSES
Why Its Done
Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) Can Provide
Rapid, Significant Improvements In Severe
Symptoms Of Several Mental Health Conditions. ECT
Is Used To Treat Severe Depression
Particularly When Accompanied By Detachment From
Reality (Psychosis), A Desire To Commit Suicide
Or Refusal To Eat. Treatment-resistant
Depression A Severe Depression That Doesn't
Improve With Medications Or Other
Treatments. Severe Mania A State Of Intense
Euphoria, Agitation Or Hyperactivity That Occurs
As Part Of Bipolar Disorder. Other Signs Of Mania
Include Impaired Decision-making, Impulsive Or
Risky Behavior, Substance Abuse, And
Psychosis. Agitation And Aggression In People
With Dementia Which Can Be Difficult To Treat
And Negatively Affect Quality Of Life.
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Catatonia Characterized By Lack Of Movement,
Fast Or Strange Movements, Lack Of Speech, And
Other Symptoms. It's Associated With
Schizophrenia And Certain Other Psychiatric
Disorders. In Some Cases, Catatonia Is Caused By
A Medical Illness.

• ECT May Be A Good Treatment Option When
  Medications Aren't Tolerated Or Other Forms Of
  Therapy Haven't Worked. In Some Cases ECT Is
  Used
• During Pregnancy, When Medications Can't Be Taken
  
• Because They Might Harm The Developing Fetus
• In Older Adults Who Can't Tolerate Drug Side
  Effects
• In People Who Prefer Ect Treatments Over Taking
  Medications
• When Ect Has Been Successful In The Past

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PREPARATION
How you prepare

• Before Having Your First ECT Treatment, You'll
  Need A Full Evaluation, Which Usually Includes
• Medical History
• Complete Physical Exam
• Psychiatric Assessment
• Basic Blood Tests
• Electrocardiogram (ECG) To Check Your Heart
  Health
• Discussion Of The Risks Of Anesthesia

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MEDICATIONS
Anesthesia and medications

• At the start of the procedure, you'll receive
  these medications through your IV
• An Anesthetic To Make You Unconscious And Unaware
  Of The Procedure
• A Muscle Relaxant To Help Minimize The Seizure
  And Prevent Injury
• You may receive other medications, depending on
  any health conditions you have or your previous
  reactions to ECT.

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EQUIPMENTS
During The Procedure

• A Blood Pressure Cuff Placed Around One Ankle
  Stops The Muscle Relaxant Medication From
  Entering Your Foot And Affecting The Muscles
  There. When The Procedure Begins, Your Doctor Can
  Monitor Seizure Activity By Watching For Movement
  In That Foot.
• Monitors Check Your Brain, Heart, Blood Pressure
  And Oxygen Use.
• You May Be Given Oxygen Through An Oxygen Mask.
• You May Also Be Given A Mouth Guard To Help
  Protect Your Teeth And Tongue From Injury.

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SERIES OF TREATMENTS
SERIES OF TREATMENTS
In The United States, ECT Treatments Are
Generally Given Two To Three Times Weekly For
Three To Four Weeks For A Total Of Six To 12
Treatments. Some Doctors Use A Newer Technique
Called Right Unilateral Ultra Brief Pulse
Electroconvulsive Therapy That's Done Daily On
Weekdays. The Number And Type Of Treatments
You'll Need Depend On The Severity Of Your
Symptoms And How Rapidly They Improve. You Can
Generally Return To Normal Activities A Few Hours
After The Procedure. However, Some People May Be
Advised Not To Return To Work, Make Important
Decisions, Or Drive Until One To Two Weeks After
The Last ECT In A Series, Or For At Least 24
Hours After A Single Treatment During Maintenance
Therapy. Resuming Activities Depends On When
Memory Loss And Confusion Are Resolved.
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RESULTS
RESULTS
Many People Begin To Notice An Improvement In
Their Symptoms After About Six Treatments With
Electroconvulsive Therapy. Full Improvement May
Take Longer, Though ECT May Not Work For
Everyone. Response To Antidepressant Medications,
In Comparison, Can Take Several Weeks Or
More. No One Knows For Certain How Ect Helps
Treat Severe Depression And Other Mental
Illnesses. What Is Known, Though, Is That Many
Chemical Aspects Of Brain Function Are Changed
During And After Seizure Activity. Even After
Your Symptoms Improve, You'll Still Need Ongoing
Depression Treatment To Prevent A Recurrence.
Ongoing Treatment May Be ECT With Less
Frequency, But More Often, It Includes
Antidepressants Or Other Medications, Or
Psychological Counseling (Psychotherapy).
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