Approaches to treatment and therapy

1
Approaches to treatment and therapy
2
Biological Treatments
3
Biological treatment p406

• Attempting to reduce or eliminate the symptoms of
  psychological disorders by altering the way an
  individuals body functions.
• Psychopharmacology The study of the effects of
  drugs on mind and behavior

4
Drug therapy(medication)pp406-407

• The most common form of biological treatment.
• 4 Main Classes of Drugs

Antipsychotic drugs Diminish agitated behavior,
reduce tension, decrease hallucinations and
delusions, and help regulate sleep Antianxiety
drugs (tranquilizers) Reduce anxiety by making
individuals less excitable and more calm
Antidepressent drugs Regulate mood Lithium
carbonate Used to treat bipolar disorder
5
Psychosurgery p410

• Surgery that removes or destroys brain tissue in
  an effort to change behavior
• Lobotomy A now-rare psychosurgical procedure
  once used to calm uncontrollably emotional or
  violent patients

6
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) pp410-411

• A biomedical therapy for severely depressed
  patients in which a brief electric current is
  sent through the brain of an anesthetized patient

7
The Psychological Therapies
8
Psychotherapy p412

• An emotionally charged, confiding interaction
  between a trained therapist and someone who
  suffers from psychological difficulties

9
Psychodynamic therapies p412

• the unconscious mind
• early childhood experiences
• therapist interpretation

10
Psychoanalysis p412

• Psychoanalysis A method of psychotherapy
  developed by Freud emphasizing the exploration of
  unconscious motives and conflicts
• Free association In psychoanalysis, a method of
  uncovering unconscious conflicts by saying freely
  whatever comes to mind
• Dream analysis The technique used by
  psychoanalysts to interpret a persons dreams

11
Interpretation

• In psychoanalysis, the analysts noting supposed
  dream meanings, resistances, and other
  significant behaviors in order to promote insight
• Transference The patients transfer to the
  analyst of emotions linked with other
  relationships (such as love or hatred for a
  parent) p412

12
Behavior therapy p413

• Therapy that applies learning principles to the
  elimination of unwanted behavior

13
Systematic desensitization p413

• A type of counterconditioning that associates a
  pleasant relaxed state with gradually increasing
  anxiety-triggering stimuli
• ?

14
Aversive conditioning

• A type of counterconditioning that associates an
  unpleasant state (such as nausea) with an
  unwanted behavior (such as drinking alcohol)
• ?

15
Cognitive therapy p415

• Therapy that teaches people new, more adaptive
  ways of thinking and acting by

• Examining the evidence for beliefs.
• Considering other explanations for the behavior
  of other people.
• Identifying assumptions and biases.

16
Humanist therapies p416

• Encourage people to understand themselves and to
  grow personally
• Client-centered therapy, developed by Carl
  Rogers, uses techniques such as active listening
  within a genuine, accepting environment to
  facilitate clients growth
• Unconditional positive regard improves
  self-esteem.
• The therapists role must be non-directive.

17
Therapy Formats pp417-418

• Conducted by a licensed therapist
• Individual therapy
• Group therapy
• Family therapy
• Couple therapy

• Conducted by group members
• Self-help support groups

18
Eclectic approach

• An approach to psychotherapy that, depending on
  the clients problems, uses techniques from
  various forms of therapy

19
Successful therapy depends on therapeutic
alliancep419
chapter 12
20
Guidelines for Seeking Help

• Identify the professionals credentials
• When starting therapy, give it some time before
  judging its usefulness
• Be a thoughtful and careful consumer of mental
  health services.