Role of Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT) in IVF

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Role of Pre-implantation Genetic Testing (PGT) in
IVF

• IVF is a technique of Assisted Reproductive
  Technology (ART) used to cure infertility and
  finally helps in conceiving. The IVF process
  involves ovarian stimulation to enhance egg
  production, egg and sperm retrieval, fertilizing
  egg using sperms to create an embryo in the lab
  and finally transferring the embryo to the
  intended mothers uterus.

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• Prior to the embryo transfer to the uterus,
  Pre-implantation Genetic Test (PGT) is done to
  test embryos for a genetic disorder that may lead
  to miscarriage or birth defect. Dr Shivani
  Sachdev Gour an IVF specialist doctor in
  Delhi explains the genetic testing in detail.

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Classification of Pre-implantation Genetic Testing

• Based on the use cases, PGT is divided into two
  categories.
• PGS (Pre-implantation Genetic Screening)
• PGS is used to check embryos for any abnormality
  causing implantation failure. This test helps in
  preventing miscarriage and ensures IVF success.
• PGT A PGT A is to identify the aneuploidy,
  a condition of abnormal chromosome number. A
  person receives equal numbers (23) of
  the chromosome from each parent that forms 46
  chromosomes. If there is an imbalance in embryo
  cells, it may lead to Monosomy, absence of a
  chromosome or Trisomy, transfer of an extra
  chromosome. The contenders for this test are
  those women who faced past miscarriages, embryo
  transfer failure, having unexplained fertility,
  and having age 35 or above.

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PGD (Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis)

• PGD is used to identify the faulty chromosome in
  the embryo. Embryo, carrying the defect is not
  implanted to the uterus, thus genetic abnormality
  is restricted to pass on to the next generation.
• PGT M PGT M is to identify a specific gene
  mutation that either one or both parents suspect
  to transmit. The results of this condition are
  Sickle cell anemia, fibrosis cyst, mutation BRCA1
  and BRCA 2, and Huntingtons disease.
• PGT SR PGT SR is to check embryo for
  chromosome structural rearrangement, either
  inversion or translocation. This situation
  affects the chromosome material and leads to
  Reciprocal translocations and Nonreciprocal
  translocations.

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Classification of Pre-implantation Genetic Testing

• Based on the use cases, PGT is divided into two
  categories.
• PGS (Pre-implantation Genetic Screening)
• PGS is used to check embryos for any abnormality
  causing implantation failure. This test helps in
  preventing miscarriage and ensures IVF success.
• PGT A PGT A is to identify the aneuploidy,
  a condition of abnormal chromosome number. A
  person receives equal numbers (23) of
  the chromosome from each parent that forms 46
  chromosomes. If there is an imbalance in embryo
  cells, it may lead to Monosomy, absence of a
  chromosome or Trisomy, transfer of an extra
  chromosome. The contenders for this test are
  those women who faced past miscarriages, embryo
  transfer failure, having unexplained fertility,
  and having age 35 or above.

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The procedure of IVF with PGT

• PGT is a section of the IVF process. For a
  successful IVF procedure contact SCI IVF
  Hospital the best infertility clinic in Delhi.
•  
• At first, ovaries are stimulated using hormonal
  medication for the production of more eggs.
  During ovulation, eggs are collected.
  Simultaneously, the sperm sample is also
  collected
• Then, the egg is mixed in a dish with sperms and
  the fertilization is done to create an embryo.
• Now, embryos are kept for 4-5 days in
  an incubator for cell division and further
  growth.
• Some cells are retrieved from each embryo for PGT
  testing. Meanwhile, embryos are kept frozen.
• Chromosomes of the cells collected from each
  embryo are tested for genetic abnormalities.
• One of the embryos having no abnormality is then
  implanted into the mothers uterus. The rest
  embryos with genetic faults are destroyed.

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Benefits of PGT

• It facilitates the following benefits in the IVF
  process.
• PGT helps in risk mitigation of miscarriage and
  inherited genetic abnormalities to pass on.
• PGT can efficiently test lots of genetic
  conditions in one go.
• It provides an opportunity for aspiring parents
  to choose whether to move on with the pregnancy
  or not.

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Thank you for watching

• LOCATION
• S-21, Greater Kailash - I, New Delhi 110048
• Mail us at- ivfdrshivani_at_gmail.com
• Website- https//www.drshivanisachdevgour.co.in