Evaporation

1
Evaporation
www.regreenexcel.com
2

Definition Of Evaporation

• Evaporation is the process of removal of solvent
  from the solution by boiling
• the liquid in a suitable vessel and
  withdrawing the vapour, leaving a
• concentrated product.
• Evaporation is a type of phase transition it is
  the process by which molecules in a liquid state
  (e.g water) spontaneously become gaseous (e.g
  water vapor).
• The equipment used for evaporation is known as
  Evaporator.

www.regreenexcel.com
3
Applications of Evaporation

• Evaporation processes are used in the manufacture
  of bulk pharmaceuticals, especially in the
  pharmaceutical industry.
• Evaporation is used in the manufacture of
  biological agents.
• Examples Insulin, enzymes and hormones.
• When desalting water.

www.regreenexcel.com
4
Factors Effecting on Evaporation

• 1. Temperature The higher the temperature, the
  greater the evaporation.
• 2. Vapor pressure The rate of evaporation is
  proportional to the vapor
• pressure of the liquid.
• 3. Surface area The larger the surface area of
  ??the liquid, the greater the
• evaporation.
• 4. Evaporation time The longer the exposure
  time, the more evaporation.
• 5. Density The higher the density, the faster
  the liquid evaporates.

www.regreenexcel.com
5

• 6. Concentration The lower the concentration of
  the substance, the faster the evaporation.
• 7. Films and Precipitates Some solutions
  precipitate a solid material called a scale on
  the heating surface, reduce the overall heat
  transfer coefficient and clean the evaporator.
• 8. Bubbles or Foam Food solutions such as skim
  milk and some fatty acid solutions form bubbles
  or bubbles during boiling.
• 9. Economic factors Recovery of solvent and
  utilization of waste heat are also important.

www.regreenexcel.com
6
Classification ofevaporation equipment

• I. Natural circulation evaporators -
  Evaporating pans - Evaporating still -
  Short tube evaporators
• II. Forced circulation evaporators
• III. Film evaporators - Climbing film
  evaporators - Horizontal film evaporators

www.regreenexcel.com
7
Purpose Of Evaporation

1. Concentrate the solution by removing the vapor
   from the boiling liquid solution.
2. In most cases, evaporation refers to the removal
   of water from the aqueous solution.
3. Example Concentration of aqueous solution of
   sugar, sodium chloride, sodium hydroxide,
   glycerol, glue, milk and orange juice.
4. In this case, the concentrated solution is the
   desired product and the evaporated water is
   generally discarded.
5. Solid-free water used as boiler feed water may be
   used for special chemical processes by
   evaporating water containing a small amount of
   minerals.
6. Evaporation processes have been developed and
   used to provide drinking water by evaporating
   seawater.

www.regreenexcel.com
8
Evaporation Vs Distillation

1. In the distillation method, it takes place at the
   boiling point during evaporation and evaporation
   occurs at the boiling point below the boiling
   point.
2. Evaporation occurs only on the liquid surface. By
   contrast, distillation is occurring in the entire
   liquid mass.
3. At the boiling point of the distillation process,
   the liquid forms bubbles and there is no bubble
   formation in the evaporation.
4. Distillation is a separation or purification
   technique, but evaporation is not necessarily.

www.regreenexcel.com
9
"E-max" Multi Effect Evaporation (MEE) Plants

• To reduce runoff, increase solids
  concentration and ultimately achieve zero liquid
  discharge,  Excel Engineers presented extensive
  evaporative technology and equipment design.
• .

www.regreenexcel.com
10
Contact Us

• Address - 604-605, Pride kumar Senate, Phase-I,
  S.B. Road,
• Shivajinagar, Pune- 411016,
  Maharashtra(INDIA).
• Email Id - sales_at_regreenexcel.com
• Phone No - 91- 2041070100
• Website - www.regreenexcel.com

11
Thank You!