Waste to Wealth

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FOCAL THEME - Science innovation and technology
for a clean green and healthy nationSUB THEME -
Waste to Wealth
NATIONAL CHILDRENS SCIENCE CONGRESS (26th
N.C.S.C)

• Presented by
• 1.(Arpan Mondal)

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Key issues, questions and concerns

• What kind of waste? (Biodegradable or Non-Bio
  degradable)
• How the waste in your house could be recover?
• Will that recovery of waste can be used for
  countrys wealth?

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Understanding the Orientation of Waste Management

• Waste is a complex phenomenon with no universally
  agreed definition
• Traditionally waste management has not been
  holistic and is more inclined to the end of
  pipe solutions concentrating at the last stage
  of disposal.
• There is a gradual shift from 'end-of pipe'
  solutions that focus on waste disposal, to a
  source based approach that is aimed at
  'life-cycle' analysis.

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The Changing Waste profile and its Implications
Type of Waste 2010 2012 2016 2018
Plastics 1.6 1.6 11.8 12.4
Glass 0.9 0.9 1.8 2.0
Metal 3.1 2.6 0.4 0.4
Textiles 0.4 0.5 1.0 1.5
Paper board 4.0 8.0 10.6 10.2
Tree cuttings 1.5 2.9 1.3 1.5
Total 100 100 100 100
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The Problem
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The Changing Waste profile and its Implications

• In view of the on-going social-economic
  transformation the new waste profile includes
• Electronic waste and chemical waste,
• Oil and gas waste,
• Nuclear waste and plastic waste,
• Paper waste and industrial waste,
• Metallic waste and waste water,
• Construction debris,
• Medical and health care waste
• Organic waste

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Re-thinking the Waste Concept From Waste to
Wealth

• Traditionally, waste is viewed as an environment
  and health problem and therefore a cost to
  society.
• The dynamics driving waste generation are set to
  continue as the country moves towards middle
  income status.
• Increasing per capita waste generation rates
  (estimated at 0.9kgs 1.1kgs per day in Ullon)

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Re-thinking the Waste Concept From Waste to
Wealth

• The rethinking calls for Waste to become Wealth,
  Refuse to become Resource and Trash to become
  Cash (UNEP).
• the rethinking views waste as opportunities with
  potential to offer solutions to some of our
  sustainable development challenges e.g.
• the increasing scarcity of raw material inputs
• energy to fuel the growing industry and
  population,
• the urgent need to create jobs for the youths
• finding new streams of income and wealth.

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Rethinking Waste to Wealth the Problem

• While rethinking the concept of waste is the way
  to go
• It is yet to be conceptualized at policy and
  decision making levels
• No frameworks, guidelines for the implementation
  and scaling up of tested and proven waste to
  wealth creation models.
• No apex body to support, coordinate and pilot
  waste to wealth interventions
• No well-organized associations of key actors in
  waste to wealth ventures to defend and promote
  their interests.
• As a result, waste to wealth projects and
  initiatives are largely
• informal,
• not commercialized,
• still small and weak,
• prone to many risks
• do not have access to favorable financing
  opportunities and enabling technologies.

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Waste to Wealth in the National Development
Frameworks

• In line with Uganda Vision 2040, NDP II theme is
  about strengthening competitiveness for
  sustainable wealth creation, employment and
  inclusive growth.
• One of the key interventions towards NDPII
  targets is Sustainable Waste Management, through
  
• Promotion of green industry and climate smart
  industrial initiatives
• Sustainable Consumption and Production patterns
• Improvement of urban safety, security and
  sanitation
• Sustainable use and management of electronic and
  hazardous waste.
• The Uganda Green Growth Development Strategy
  (UGGDS)
• NB for waste to contribute to sustainable wealth
  creation, it necessitates harnessing the
  opportunities generated from innovative waste
  management practices.

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Harnessing Opportunities Waste to Energy

• Charcoal Briquettes
• Charcoal briquettes can be made from waste
  materials and burn longer than traditional
  charcoal. They are easy to make on a small or
  large scale, can be a source of income generation
  for the family.

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CDM Project Activities
Sieving and Bagging Compost
Sorting onsite
Demo-Garden
Harvest
Composting Operations
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Most preferred less wastes are disposed-off at
the landfill
Waste Management Hierarchy

• Rethinking the Waste Concept From Waste to Wealth

Least preferred most wastes are disposed-off at
the landfill
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Lessons from International Experiences

• Repurpose School Bags, South Africa
• This green initiative provides recycled low-cost
  school bags to hundreds of school children in
  local communities in South Africa.
• Collects and recycles plastic waste into school
  bags for local disadvantaged students.
• The upcycled plastic bags have a solar panel in
  the flap, which charges as the children walk to
  and back from school.
• The bags also have strips of reflective material,
  an added safety design to make the children more
  visible to traffic in the early hours.
• The charged solar panels are used to provide
  lighting at night. Students can use this light to
  do their homework and study instead of using
  candles.

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Challenges of Waste to Wealth Projects

• Limited access to technologies to convert waste
  into wealth projects e.g.
• Gasification technologies
• Biogas technologies
• Landfill gas recovery technologies
• High costs
• Commercial viability
• Poor waste management practices
• Limited segregation of waste at source
• Limited technical expertise
• Absence of waste to wealth regulatory frameworks
  
• Limited focus on recycling and reuse
• Some Waste to wealth are largely informal and
  illegal business.
• Absence of standard operational guidelines and
  rules to streamline the activities of the various
  actors

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Conclusion

• A holistic life cycle approach to waste
  management creates opportunities for employment,
  income and wealth creation along the entire waste
  value chain
• Innovative waste management practices are green
  initiatives that optimize resource use
  efficiency, create green jobs and contribute to
  inclusive growth
• A skilled and effective business sector has
  emerged  in social enterprises, mainly founded by
  the poor and increasingly young people in urban
  communities, that derive wealth from the
  provision of waste management services. They need
  our support.

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THANK YOU!