Origin of Basic Drawing Materials

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SHOWFLIPPER Presents

• Origin of Basic Drawing Materials

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Paper

• The history of using paper date back to the 2nd
  Century BC, in China.
• The Chinese paper making process spread to the
  Middle East and to the medieval Europe in the
  13th Century. This century also saw the building
  of first water powered paper mills.
• Canadian Inventor, Charles Fenerty, and German
  Inventor, F.G Keller, independently developed
  processes that could pulp wood fibers in 1884.
  This invention lowered the cost of paper making
  significantly.
• Modern paper is made of cellulose pulp derived
  from wood, rags and grass. The paper is produced
  by pressing together these moist fibers and
  drying them in the form of flexible sheets.

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Pencil

• Origins of the word - "PENCIL"
• French - "Pincel" - meaning "A Small Paintbrush".
• Latin - "Penicillus" - meaning "A Little Tail".
• Evolution of Pencil
• Modern pencil evolved from ancient Rome, where a
  writing instrument made of Lead called as
  "Stylus" was used. Poisoning from Lead was very
  common.
• Graphite is Discovered
• Graphite was first discovered in Cumbria, England
  in the year 1565. Locally, it was used to mark
  the sheep and was thought of being some form of
  Lead. Graphite is not poisonous.

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Pencil

• Grading of Pencil
• Pencils are graded on the European System based
  on hardness, blackness and ease of usability.
• Classification of Pencil Pencils are classified
  as -
• (H) for hardness.
• (B) for blackness
• (F) for in-between HB and H
• Standard writing pencils are graded as HB.

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Eraser

• Introduction to Erasers
• Erasers are used to remove pencil and ink
  markings on paper.
• Erasers are made from synthetic rubber.
• Expensive or Specialized Erasers are made of
  Vinyl, Plastic or gum like materials.

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Eraser

• History of Erasers
• Before rubber based erasers, rubber or wax
  tablets were used to erase lead or charcoal marks
  from paper.
• Rough stones like sandstone or pumice were used
  to remove small errors from parchments and
  papyrus based documents written in ink.
• Crust-less bread was also used as an eraser.

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Eraser

• Edward Nairne, an English engineer developed the
  first mass produced and mass marketed rubber
  based eraser while participating in an inventions
  competition.
• Nairne sold these natural rubber based erasers
  for 3 shillings per half inch cube which was
  very expensive for that time.

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About ShowFlipper Art Studio

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• Thank You