Depression Causes, Symptoms & its Treatment

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DEPRESSION

• By must4care

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Description of Depression

• Depression (major depressive disorder) is A
  common and serious medical illness
• That negatively affects how you feel, the way you
  think and how you act.
• Fortunately, it is also treatable. Depression
  causes feelings of sadness and / or A loss of
  interest in activities once enjoyed.
• It can lead to a variety of emotional and
  physical problems and can decrease a persons
  ability to function at work and at home.
• According to the world health organization (who),
  depression is the most common illness worldwide
  and the leading cause of disability.

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Causes of Depression

• Genetics
• Biological
• Changes in neurotransmitter levels
• Environmental
• Psychological And Social
• (Psychosocial)
• Life Events
• These include bereavement, divorce, work issues,
  relationships with friends and family, financial
  problems medical concerns, or acute stress.

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Causes of Depression

• Personality
• Those with less successful coping strategies, or
  previous life trauma are more suceptible.
• Genetic Factors
• Having A first-degree relatives with depression
  increases the risk.
• Childhood Trauma
• Some Prescription Drugs
• These include corticosteroids, some beta-blockers,
  interferon, and other prescription drugs.
• Abuse Of Recreational Drugs
• Abuse of alcohol, amphetamines, and other drugs
  are strongly linked to depression.
• A Past Head Injury.

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Major Types of Depression

• Unipolar
• If the predominant feature is A depressed mood,
  it is called unipolar depression. 
• Bipolar Depression
• This characterized by both manic and depressive
  episodes separated by periods of normal mood, it
  is referred to as bipolar disorder
• Major Depressive Disorder With Psychotic Features
• This condition is characterized by depression
  accompanied by psychosis.
• Postpartum Depression
• Women often experience "baby blues" with A
  newborn, but postpartum depression - also known
  as postnatal depression - is more severe.
• Major Depressive Disorder With Seasonal Pattern
• This condition is related to the reduced daylight
  of winter

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Symptoms of Depression

• Depressed Mood
• Reduced Interest Or Pleasure In Activities
  Previously Enjoyed, Loss Of Sexual Desire
• Unintentional Weight Loss (Without Dieting) Or
  Low Appetite
• Insomnia (Difficulty Sleeping) Or Hypersomnia
  (Excessive Sleeping)
• Psychomotor Agitation, For Example, Restlessness,
  Pacing Up And Down
• Delayed Psychomotor Skills, For Example, Slowed
  Movement And Speech
• Fatigue Or Loss Of Energy
• Feelings Of Worthlessness Or Guilt
• Impaired Ability To Think, Concentrate, Or Make
  Decisions
• Recurrent Thoughts Of Death Or Suicide, Or
  Attempt At Suicide

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Treatment of Depression

• Medications
• Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (ssris)
• Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors
  (snris).
• Atypical antidepressants
• Tricyclic antidepressants.
• Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (maois).
• Other medications.

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Treatment of Depression

• Psychotherapy
• Adjust to A crisis or other current difficulty
• Identify negative beliefs and behaviors and
  replace them with healthy, positive ones
• Explore relationships and experiences, and
  develop positive interactions with others
• Find better ways to cope and solve problems
• Identify issues that contribute to your
  depression and change behaviors that make it
  worse
• Regain A sense of satisfaction and control in
  your life and help ease depression symptoms, such
  as hopelessness and anger
• Learn to set realistic goals for your life
• Develop the ability to tolerate and accept
  distress using healthier behaviors

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Treatment of Depression

• Alternate Formats For Therapy
• Hospital And Residential Treatment
• Other Treatment Options
• Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT).
• In ECT, electrical currents are passed through
  the brain to impact the function and effect of
  neurotransmitters in your brain to relieve
  depression.
• Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (Tms).
• TMS may be an option for those who haven't
  responded to antidepressants.

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God Bless Us
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