Cellulitis: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment, Prevention and Complications

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Cellulitis
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Cellulitis

• Cellulitis is a non-contagious bacterial skin
  infection that affects the deeper layer of the
  skin along with subcutaneous tissues under the
  skin. Bacteria present on the skin generally do
  not cause any harm. However, they can enter the
  deeper layer of skin through a cut or wound and
  cause infection. Cellulitis infection can occur
  anywhere in the body, but usually affects the
  lower legs. Cellulitis can be fatal if the
  bacterium enters the bloodstream or lymph nodes.
  This skin infection can affect people of all
  ages. Cellulitis results in the swelling,
  tenderness, and redness around the affected
  area. 

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Causes of cellulitis 

• The bacteria staphylococcus and streptococcus is
  responsible for the occurrence of cellulitis.
  These bacteria enter the skin through a wound,
  which may be caused to an injury, insect bite, or
  surgical incision. Sometimes, a break in the skin
  can also occur due to burns, grazes, ulcers, or
  other skin conditions such as eczema or psoriasis.
   

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Risk factors for cellulitis

• The risk of developing a cellulitis increase in
  people who have 
• Diabetes
• Poor blood circulation
• HIV/AIDS
• Skin infection
• Weak immune system
• Cracks in the skin

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Symptoms

• Common symptoms of cellulitis are 
• Shaking
• Chills
• Fatigue
• Fever
• Blister filled with pus
• Inflammation in the skin
• Excessive sweating
• Muscle aches
• Dizziness
• Lightheadedness
• Swollen lymph nodes

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Diagnosis of cellulitis 

• A dermatologist will start the diagnosis of
  cellulitis by performing a physical exam and
  asking about your medical history. After this, he
  may take a sample of the affected tissue to
  observe it under the microscope. This will help
  him to identify the type of bacteria causing
  cellulitis. A blood test can also determine the
  presence of bacteria in the body.

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Treatment

• The main objective behind the treatment of
  cellulitis is to stop the bacteria from reaching
  the bloodstream. A dermatologist will start
  the treatment of cellulitis by prescribing
  antibiotics. These antibiotics are effective in
  reducing the symptoms of cellulitis such as
  reddening of skin and inflammation. A patient may
  receive antibiotics orally or intravenously.
  Drink plenty of water to maintain the normal flow
  of blood in the body. A patient diagnosed with
  cellulitis should keep the affected area elevated
  in order to reduce swelling. 

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Complications of cellulitis 

• If Cellulitis is left untreated, it may result
  in serious complications such as 
• Spread of infection to other body parts
• Blood infection and sepsis
• Irregular heartbeat
• Low blood pressure
• Persistent swelling

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Prevention of cellulitis

• Use moisturizer to prevent the skin from getting
  dry
• Use antibacterial soap for cleaning the wounds
• Keep the cuts clean, covered, and dry
• Maintain weight
• Avoid scratching of skin

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