Operation Flood

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OPERATION FLOOD

• Dr. Mohammad Ashraf Paul
• Prof/Chief Scientist
• Division of Livestock Products Technology
• Faculty of Veterinary Sciences Animal Husbandry
  SKUAST-Kashmir

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• OPERATION FLOOD
• Introduction
• Operation flood, also referred to as White
  Revolution is a gigantic project propounded by
  Government of India for developing dairy industry
  in the country.
• Operation Flood has helped dairy farmers, direct
  their own development, placing control of the
  resources they create in their own hands.
• A 'National Milk Grid', links milk producers
  throughout India with consumers in over 700 towns
  and cities, reducing seasonal and regional price
  variations while ensuring that the producer gets
  a major share of the price consumers pay.

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• Phase I
• Phase I (19701980) was financed by the sale of
  skimmed milk powder and butter oil gifted by the
  European Union (then the European Economic
  Community) through the World Food Programme.
• NDDB planned the programme and negotiated the
  details of EEC assistance.
• During its first phase, Operation Flood linked 18
  of India's premier milksheds with consumers in
  India's major metropolitan cities Delhi, Mumbai,
  Kolkata and Chennai. Thus establishing mother
  dairies in four metros.

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• The Operation Flood 1
• Originally meant to be completed in 1975,
  actually took a period of about nine years from
  1970-79, at a total cost of Rs.116 corers.
• At the start of operation Flood-1 in 1970 certain
  set of aims were kept in view for implementation
  of the programmers.
• Improved milk marketing through organized dairy
  sector in the metropolitan cities i.e. Bombay,
  Calcutta, Madras, Delhi.
• Twin objectives of commanding share of milk
  market and speed up development of dairy animals
  in hinterlands of rural areas with a view to
  increase both production and procurement.

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• Phase II
• Operation Flood Phase II (19811985) increased
  the milksheds from 18 to 136290 urban markets
  expanded the outlets for milk.
• By the end of 1985, a self-sustaining System of
  43,000 village cooperatives with 42.5 lakh milk
  producers were covered.
• Domestic milk powder production increased from
  22,000 tons in the pre-project year to 1,40,000
  tons by 1989, all of the increase coming from
  dairies set up under Operation Flood.
• In this way EEC gifts and World Bank loan helped
  promote self-reliance.
• Direct marketing of milk by producers
  cooperatives increased by several million litres.

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• Phase III (19851996)
• Enabled dairy cooperatives to expand and
  strengthen the infrastructure required to procure
  and market increasing volumes of milk.
• Veterinary first-aid health care services, feed
  and artificial insemination services for
  cooperative members were extended, along with
  intensified member education.
• Operation Flood Phase III consolidated India's
  dairy
• Cooperative movement, adding 30,000 new dairy
• cooperatives to the 42,000 existing societies
  organized during Phase II.
• Milksheds peaked to 173 in 1988-89 with the
  numbers of women members and Women's Dairy
  Cooperative societies increasing significantly.

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• Phase III gave increased emphasis to research and
• development in animal health and animal
  nutrition.
• Innovations like vaccine for Theileriosis,
  bypassing protein feed and urea-molasses mineral
  blocks, all contributed to the enhanced
  productivity of milch animals
• Milk production in India increased from 17
  million tons in 1950-51 to 140 million tons in
  2014-15 and is expected to reach 180 million tons
  during 2020.
• Therefore, from being a recipient of massive
  material support from the World Food Program and
  European
• Community in the 1960s, India has rapidly
  positioned
• itself as the world's largest producer of milk
• Milk production in the country was stagnant
  during the 1950s and 1960s, and annual production
  growth was negative in many years.

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• The annual compound growth rate in milk
  production
• during the first decade after independence was
  about 1.64
• percent during the 1960s, this growth rate
  declined to 1.15 percent.
• During the late 1960s, the Government of India
  initiated
• major policy changes in the dairy sector to
  achieve self-sufficiency in milk production.
• Producing milk in rural areas through producer
  cooperatives and moving processed milk to urban
• demand centers became the cornerstone of
  government dairy development policy.
• This policy initiative gave a boost to dairy
  development and initiated the process of
  establishing the much-needed linkages between
  rural producers and urban consumers.

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• The White Revolution, also known as Operation
  Flood, gave a major boost to the dairy sector in
  India in the late 1960s by producing milk in
  rural areas through smallholder Producer
  cooperatives and moving Industrially processed
  milk from these smallholder sources to urban
  demand centers. This established the much needed
  linkages between rural producers and urban
  consumers.
• The growth achieved has been uninterrupted ever
  since and culminated in India becoming the
  worlds single largest producer of milk since the
  mid-1990s.

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• The white revolution in India became a reality
  after farmers cooperatives were floated by the
  Anand-based
• National Dairy Development Board (NDDB) in 1960s.
  Thanks to the vision and endeavours of V Kurien,
  who as
• the head of the NDDB gave an impetus to the dairy
  revolution in the country, that was instrumental
  in
• transforming India into the numero uno milk
  producer in the world.
• NABARD has join hands with NDDB for implementing
  its milk plan for handling, processing and
  marketing of dairy products in 326 districts
  spread across the country..

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• Not withstanding, the steady increase in milk
• production in the country, there is still a huge
  potential for
• boosting milk production as the per capita milk
  consumption of milk and dairy products is
  dismally poor
• compared to global standards. Moreover, dairy
  products offer a huge export potential.
• The demand for milk expected to touch around
  172-million tonnes in 2021-22.
• Plainly, to meet this huge demand, milk
  production would need to be boosted by 4 per cent
  per year.

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• Meanwhile, a feeling is gaining ground that as
  there is a daily income in milk, wherever the
  farming community has taken to dairying as a
  secondary occupation, suicides have not been
  reported.
• Clearly, the NABARD sponsored milk scheme
  supported by NDDB seeks to increase milk
  productivity and optimize the cost of production
  by providing institutional credit to support
  quality breeding of the milch animals.

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• Introduction
• Operation flood, also referred to as White
  Revolution is a gigantic project propounded by
  Government of India for developing dairy industry
  in the country.
• Operation Flood has helped dairy farmers, direct
  their own development, placing control of the
  resources they create in their own hands.
• A 'National Milk Grid', links milk producers
  throughout India with consumers in over 700 towns
  and cities, reducing seasonal and regional price
  variations while ensuring that the producer gets
  a major share of the price consumers pay.

Suggestions for improvement solicited mashrafpaul_at_
yahoo.com