THE USE OF BLUETOOTH TECHNOLOGY IN MEDICAL APPLICATIONS

1
THE USE OF BLUETOOTH TECHNOLOGY IN MEDICAL
APPLICATIONS
UAE University College of Engineering Graduation
Project I

• Group Members
• Mohamad Al-Mourad 200001516
• Fahem Zeid Ali Alwan 200000097
• Mohammed Suhail 199900257
• Abdulla AlAli 199900315
• Supervisor
• Dr. Mousa Hussein

2
Overview

• Introduction
• Bluetooth Main Characteristics
• Selecting the Application
• System Integration
• Market Review
• Sensor Module
• Microcontroller Module
• Bluetooth Module
• Standards
• GPII Plan
• Conclusion

3
Introduction

• Project Objectives
• Make a continuous medical monitoring system using
  the Bluetooth wireless technology
• It gives indications and warnings to the user
  while he/she is practicing his/her normal life

4
Introduction

• Project Benefits
• To those who suffer from heart diseases
• Can be used in hospitals to give readings on
  patients health
• Gives a deeper view to physicians
• Effective to athletes
• The system could be extended to include the
  O2,blood pressure, or body temperature.

5
Bluetooth Main Characteristics

• Bluetooth Objective
• Replaces wires between devices
• Be more for personal use
• Bluetooth Features
• High data rate
• Multi point Communication
• High security
• Connection to portable devices

6
Selecting the Application

• Field Visits
• RAKCC
• Sport Department - UAEU
• American Hospital Dubai

7
Selecting the Application

• Industrial
• Agricultural
• Medical
• The Medical Application was selected

8
System Integration
9
Market Review

• Medical applications of Bluetooth are promising
• Similar products are either
• In RD
• Just launched to customers

10
Avant 4000
11
The Sensor Module

• What is the Sensor?
• A device that measures or detects a real-world
  condition, such as motion, heat or light and
  converts the condition into an analog or digital
  representation

12
Classification of Sensors

• Sensor Application
• Agriculture field (moisture or temperature)
• Industrial field (clogging switch )
• Environmental field (Measuring toxic hazardous
  environment and dust sensor )
• Medical field (Measure oxygen percentage of the
  patient, blood pressure, body temperature, or the
  heart beat rate )
• Sensor Output
• A voltage or current
• Analog or digital

13
Heart Rate Phases
14
Average Heart Rate
15
Exercise Effect

• Heart size
• Heart beat
• Stroke volume
• Athlete 100 - 110ml
• Untrained individual 70 - 80ml

16
The Maximum Heart Rate (MHR)

• The maximum number of contractions the heart is
  capable of producing in one minute
• Health zone 50 to 70 of MHR
• MHR varies with age
• Another equation by Londeree and Moeschberger

17
Searching for HBS Devices
Some of heart beat sensors available in the
internet
18
Hear Beat Clip Sensor

• A simple design found on the internet
• Working concept
• Composed of the a clip and an amplifier circuit

19
Simulating the HBS Circuit
20
Analyzing HBS Circuit
21
Building the Sensor Circuit

• Components
• One phototransistor, one photodiode, and two
  diodes
• Resistors and capacitors
• Test board
• Power supply
• Multimeter
• Function generator
• Oscilloscope
• Probes
• LM358 op-Amp

22
Comparing LM358 and LM741
23
Testing and Debugging the HBS
24
The Output on the Oscilloscope
25
Calculating the Gain and Error
The gain was calculated as follows
The error between the simulated and practical
gains was computed as following
26
The Microcontroller Module

• What is a Microcontroller?
• A complete control unit like the computer
• Its Function
• Store data
• Run programs
• Perform math and logic functions

27
Microcontroller Architecture

• CPU
• ROM
• Input, Output devices
• Serial, parallel ports
• A/D D/A
• Counters/Timers.

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Purpose of the Microcontroller

• Receive or gather data from sensor/s and prepare
  them before being sent to the Bluetooth

Sensors
Bluetooth
GUI
MCU
29
Searching For Microcontroller

• ATmega16 from Atmel Co., USA
• Too advanced and the project doesn't need
  advanced functionality in the microcontroller
• Test board is complicated
• Its setup is not ready in the laboratory.

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Searching For Microcontroller

• PIC Microcontrollers
• The Microchip "PIC" family
• Not difficult for a beginner to learn
• Powerful

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PIC Setup

• The MicroCode Studio Software
• Microcontroller chip

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EPIC Programmer and LAB-X1 Board

• EPIC Plus Programmer
• LAB-X1 Experimenter Board
• Microcontroller test board designed for the PIC
  family.
• The programming will be done by the EPIC
  Programmer

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Programming Testing PIC16F877

• Writing and Compiling a Test Code
• Program LED_Blink
• mainTRISB 0             ' Configure pins of
  PORTB as output eloop     PORTB FF       '
  Turn on diodes on PORTB     Delay_ms(1000)    '
  Wait 1 second     PORTB 0         ' Turn off
  diodes on PORTB     Delay_ms(1000)    ' Wait 1
  second goto eloop            ' Stay in loopend.

34
Testing the Microcontroller

• To check the output

35
Bluetooth Module

• History of Bluetooth
• Bluetooth Working Concept
• Bluetooth Layers

36
History of Bluetooth

• Bluetooth technology was originally discovered in
  1994 by Ericsson
• Bluetooth named after Harald Blåtand

37
Bluetooth Working Concept

• Point-to-Point mode
• Point-to-multipoint mode (Master and Slaves)
• Ad-hoc piconet.

38
Bluetooth Frequency

• (ISM) Industrial, Scientific, and Medical Band
• From 2.4 up to 2.48 GHz

39
Avoid Interference

• Signal Power 1 milliwatt (weak signal)
• It hopes 79 randomly chosen frequencies within a
  designated range
• Bluetooth transmitter changes its frequencies
  1,600 times/sec

40
Data Rates

• Bluetooth channel capacity of 1Mbps
• Bluetooth sends data at 64,000 bits/sec. in a
  full-duplex mode
• 721,000 bits/sec. in a half-duplex mode

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Bluetooth Layers
42
The Bluetooth Module Selection

• Selection Criteria
• Compatible with the chosen microcontroller
• Having an integrated or built in antenna
• Easy to use
• Reasonable cost

43
The Bluetooth Module Selection

• Obstacles and Difficulties
• Difficulties in purchasing due to availability
• Difficulties because the manufacturers usually do
  not sell directly to the end users
• Lack of technical support

44
Candidates Bluetooth Components
LinkMatik from R.F. Solution
ROK 101 008 from Ericsson
KC21 Bluetooth OEM Module from KC Wirefree
45
Another Solution (ToothPIC)

• Bluetooth integrated with a PIC microcontroller
• FlexiPanel server software enables programming
  easily
• It works on computers, PDAs and mobile phones

46
Standards

• Bluetooth Standards
• Bluetooth is based on the IEEE 802.11
  communications standard
• UAE LAB
• TTL Standards

47
GPII Plan

• Building each module alone
• Selecting another type of sensor
• Programming MC Chip and building its circuit
• Connecting the Bluetooth
• Developing the GUI
• Integrating and debugging the system

48
Conclusion

• Project Impact
• Environmental
• The bandwidth of the Bluetooth is not in the
  ionization range
• Weak Signal, not enough power to effect human
  body
• Social
• Gives the patient more independence
• Gives the physician more
• Economical
• Decreases the cost of health treatment

49
Conclusion

• The Goal Monitoring health in continues and
  mobile manner
• Bluetooth is a personal friendly technology
• HBS clip, PIC16F877, LinkMatik will be used
• Ready for building the system

50
Thanks for Listening

• Any Question?