IR THEORY IR 5001

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IR THEORYIR 5001
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• Iconic images of world politics
• battlefields, soldiers, guns, F-16s
• Veiled women, burqa
• War on Terror
• Talibans oppression of women
• War on Terror, in part, a war on behalf of women
  and children

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• Social Imaginary
• Rescue of women and children other
• Masculine national state (US) pastoral, paternal
• Against, Islamic terrorist, feminized other
• War imagery of enemy
• Masculine self/feminized other
• Foreign Policy, War, Security, Power,
• Nation/State

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GENDER / IR

• Gendering theory
• What is gender?
• biology?
• social construct masculinity/femininity
• performativity language/discourse
• Inequality
• Hierarchy
• Power

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• What is theory?
• Ontology (in)visibility) what we see
• Epistemology claims to know how we know
• Methodology
• Axiology? (secularization of knowledge claims)

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• Gender and IR theory and practice
• Objectivity
• Rationality
• Power territorial, sovereign
• War/conflict
• Accumulation
• Citizen/humanity
• Male knowledge human knowledge, universal

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Distinctions

• Warrior/Beautiful Soul
• Public/Private
• State/Household
• Citizens/Men
• Classical theory (Rousseau, Hegel, Marx)
• Paid work/unpaid labour
• Everyday

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• Patriarchy (rule of father)
• Feminist theory
• Ungendering theory
• Feminist empiricism (including excluded groups)
• Standpoint feminism (difference, experience,
  values)
• Postmodern feminism
• Postcolonial feminism

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• Feminism
• First Wave 19th and early 20the centuries
  (suffragist movements, representation)
• Second Wave in the 1960s and 70s
• personal as political, economic and cultural
  inequalities
• Third Wave 1990s
• post-structural critique of enlightenment
  thought, autonomy, rationality, subjectivity

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• Liberal Feminists
• Assumption men and women are equal
• Women under-represented
• Participation in global politics
• Diplomats, military, business,
• Access to power
• Equal representation

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• Standpoint Feminism
• Essentialism
• Male conflict, war, power
• Female peace, cooperation, fairness
• Values
• Post-Positivist Feminism
• Discourse, performance, unstable not fixed (no
  single cause of subordination)

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• Cynthia Enloe Where are the women
• Diplomats wives workers, army bases, sex workers
• Ann Tickner Realism biased to male lived
  experience (Hans Morgenthau)
• Objectivity (culturally defined)
• National interest (many sided)
• Power as domination?
• Politics and morality not distinct
• Moral elements
• Political realm is not autonomous

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• Postmodern feminism
• Anti essentialist, discourse, language, web of
  meanings
• Freud, Lacan, Foucault, Irigaray
• Role of other (hospitality, accountability,
  empathy, cooperation, affinity)
• Gender one node of subjectification, capillary
  form of power

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Postcolonial Feminist IR

• Postcolonial feminist IR
• Spivak, Mohanty, Bhaba, Said,
• The subaltern cannot speak
• Normalization of white, western, middle class
  woman as site of feminist struggles
• Universalization of feminist theory from western
  location
• Ethnocentric
• Internal racism, classism, homophobia

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• Autonomy, subjectivity, modernity implicit
  starting point of liberal and radical feminism
• Colonial modernity governmentality
• Disciplining of women central to stabilization of
  colonial conduct of conduct
• Women-nation-anti-colonial struggle
• Double marginalization (state/nation/labor)

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Gender and Power

• Territorial/sovereign
• Micro-politics
• Capillary forms subjectification
• Normalization
• Not autonomous but constituted in web of meanings
  (knowledge)
• Resistance

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Gender and State

• Historical formation of the state
• Women in state formation
• Revolutionary struggles
• Reproductive work of making citizens
• Welfare/family
• RBJ Walkers critique state sovereignty
  subsumes all difference (race, class, gender)
  real work of gender/IR to undo principle of state
  sovereignty

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• RBJ Walker Womens time and womens place
• Modernity/home
• Fusion of gender into unitary political identity
  (state)
• Difficulty of location a place from which to
  speak all such places socially and historically
  constructed
• Politics of forgetting
• Modernity valorizes the merely domestic,
  reproductive nurturing, passive voice of women

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Women and Development

• Women and Development
• Modernization theory/difference
• Backwardness/lack/absence
• Third World Women
• Capitalism and Gender
• Productive/Unproductive labor
• Women as container of backwardness

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Globalization and Gender

• Global Commodity Chain (IPE- Gary Gerrefi)
• Global Care Chain ( Arlie Hochschild maids,
  nannies, nurses in global division of labor)
• Women and flexible accumulation
• Structures of Neo-colonial global capitalism

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• Gendered global division of labor
• Service
• Peripheral and flexible work force
• Feminization of global work force
• Security-Human Security-Insecurity Studies
• Globalization of mothering