Psychostimulants

1
Psychostimulants

• Cocaine
• Amphetamine

2
Cocaine

• Coca shrub
• Cultivation

3
Cocaine

• Forms
• Powder
• Freebase (Crack)

4
Cocaine NT systems

• DA
• NE
• 5-HT

5
Cocaine - Effects

• Low/Moderate doses
• Stimulation
• Euphoria/Rush
• Well-being/Self-confidence
• Alertness
• Motor stimulation
• Severe effects
• Motor stereotypies
• Violence
• Psychosis

6
Cocaine Sympathetic N.S.

• Sympathomimetic
• Heart rate
• Vasoconstriction
• Hypertension
• Hyperthermia
• High dose consequences

7
Cocaine - Dopamine

• Mesostriatal pathway
• Stereotyped movements
• Mesolimbic pathway
• Locomotor response
• Reward

8
Cocaine - Dopamine

• Transporter function
• Knockout studies
• Receptor subtypes
• D1-like
• D2-like

9
Cocaine - Abuse

• Initiation of use
• Abuse
• Switch
• Binging

10
Cocaine Tolerance/Sensitization

• Tolerance
• Sensitization
• Induction
• NMDA receptors
• Expression
• DA reactivity

11
Cocaine - Withdrawal

• Crash
• Exhaustion
• Depressed mood
• Withdrawal
• Anhedonia
• Anergia
• Anxiety
• Extinction

12
Cocaine - Health

• Single dose
• Cardiac effects
• Other systems

13
Cocaine - Treatment

• Pharmacological
• Tricyclic antidepressants
• New drugs?
• Behavioral/Psychosocial