Brief History of Genetics

1
Introduction to Genetics
What is genetics?
Brief History of Genetics
Prehistoric Times Domesticated
Animals/Cultivated Plants (1000 B.C.)
2
Brief History of Genetics
The Greek Influence (400-300 B.C.) Hippocrates
pangenesis Aristotle vital heat
Pre-Mendelian Ideas (1600-1850) Blending
Inheritance Epigenesis Preformation
Charles Darwin (1859) Natural Selection
Gregor Mendel (1866) Particulate Inheritance
3
A review of the cell
1. All cells are membrane bound
2. All cells possess ribosomes
Large Subunit
Ribosomes
Small Subunit
3. All cells contain DNA
Two categories of cells prokaryotic
eukaryotic
Additional components of any cell
cytoplasm
cytosol
4
A review of the eukaryotic cell
Elaborately compartmentalized systems
Generalized animal cell
Generalized plant cell
5
Cell cycle, Mitosis and Meiosis
Cell division
Functions of cell division reproduction
growth and development
repair
Structural organization of the
genome DNA chromatin nucleosomes chromoso
mes
6
Chromosome duplication and distribution during
cell division
Review of terms
Diploid and haploid
Homologous chromosomes
Gene and Allele
7
The Mitotic Cell Cycle
Mitotic phase vs. interphase
Subphases of interphase G1 first gap S
synthesis G2 second gap
8
Mitosis Animal Cell
9
Mitosis Plant Cell
10
Meiosis and sexual life cycles
heredity
variation
genetics
Sexual vs. Asexual reproduction
budding
11
Mitosis and Meiosis Compared