A Brief History of Gifted Education

1
A Brief History of Gifted Education

• Characteristics of the Gifted
• North GA RESA/Cherokee County
• Fall 2006

2
Concept of Intelligence

• Nature vs. Nurture Galton (1859) and the g
  factor
• Alfred Binet (1905)
• Lewis Terman (1916) Terman kids and the Genetic
  Studies of Genius (IQ 140)
• Robert Sperry (1968)
• Pribram (1971) The Language of the Brain

3

• Howard Gardner (1985) Project Zero at Harvard
  and the Theory of Multiple Intelligence

4
Sputnik effect on gifted education and the
Marlin Report

• The report highlighted
• 2.5 million students in schools are gifted
• 57.7 of schools received NO services
• Gifted students were NOT served in 21 states

• most neglected and potentially productive groups
  of students

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Definition of Gifted

• Children and youth with outstanding talent
  perform or how the potential for performing at
  remarkable high levels of accomplishment when
  compared with others of their age, experience, or
  environment. These children and youth exhibit
  high performance capability in intellectual,
  creative, and/or artistic areas, posess an
  unusual leadership capacity, or excel in specific
  academic fields. They require services or
  activities not ordinarily provided by the
  schools. Outstanding talents are present in
  children and youth from all cultural groups,
  across all economic strata, and in all areas of
  human endeavor.
• US Department of Education/OERI (p. 26)

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Jacob K. Javits Grants

• Training component for pre-service/inservice
  teachers
• Model projects and exemplary programs in ID and
  education
• National Research Centers for G/T
• UCONN -- Renzulli
• UGA -- Torrance
• UVA -- Callahan
• YALE -- Sternberg

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Due to Marlin report and from the US
Department of Educaiton

• Julian Stanley began the Center of Talented Youth
  (CTY) at Johns Hopkins
• Renzulli develops the Enrichment Triad Model
• By 1977, 75 of states had a def. of gifted 66
  increase in students served 31 of states
  increased funding 42 sponsor teacher training
  and endorsements38 states enact legislation

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What about Georgia?

• Georgia lead others by passing legislation early
  to increase educational advantaged for gifted
  students in the public schools of Georgia (p.1)
• UGAs Torrance Center for Creative Thinking
• Dr. Julian Stanley (SMPY) was from GA
• Dr. Mary Frasiers studies in the 1990s on
  finding better ways to identify gifted students
  in underrepresented populations
• Multiple criteria model developed in ID of gifted
  children (1997)
• GA Department of Education/Gifted Task Force 2006

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Current Gifted Education

• President Regan disbanded G/T office at the US
  Dept of Ed
• Cox, Daniel and Boston publish survey results in
  Educating Able Learners (90 are pull out
  programs, called part time solution to a full
  time problem
• Carol Ann Tomlinson and the Differentiated
  Classroom
• Currently, 26 states mandate services 23 support
  with 14 require certification