Chongqings main measures and suggestions on SO2 pollution control

1
??????????????????Chongqings main measures
and suggestions on SO2 pollution control

• ????????
• Chongqing EPB
• 2006?9?21?

2
? ? Outline

• ?????????????? Brief introduction of Chongqing
  and its current status of air quality
• ??2000?????????????????? Blue Sky Action since
  2000
• ???????????????????? Main measures and management
  suggestions on SO2 control

3
?????Introduction of Chongqing

• ?????1997????????????,???????????,????8.24?
  ????,??3100???40???(?????)
• Chongqing is Chinas fourth metropolises directly
  under the central government, located in western
  China, with a total area of 82,400 km2 and 31
  million people.

4
????????

• ?????????,?????????,??????????Beside mountains
  and rivers
• ?????9????????,????????2737?????The area of
  planed main districts is 2737 km2
• 2005??????430????,????450??4.3 million km2 of
  built-up area and 4.5 million people

5
??????????Pollution control work since 1997

• ????,?????????????? Obvious progress
• ??????????????????????????????? one of the four
  main tasks
• ????????????????????????????????????,?????????????
  ??????????? two key works air pollution control
  and water protection
• ?????????????????? regular workshops on
  environmental protection
• ?????????????????????,???????????????????????,????
  ????????,????????? high attention of the
  municipal government

6
??????????? Blue Sky Action

• ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ???????????????????????????,????????????Main
  measures dust control zones, clean fuel
  promotion, vehicle emission control, clean energy
  project
• ????????????????,???????????????,?????????????
  Set goal of days of good air quality

7
???????????regulation framework

• 1??????????(1998)
• Chongqings regulation on environmental
  protection
• 2?????????
• Air Pollution Control regulations
• ????????????????(1998)
• Chongqings management method of coal burning and
  SO2 control
• ????????????????(2002)
• Chongqings management method of vehicle emission
  control
• ????????????(2005)
• Chongqings management method of pollution
  control and treatment

8
??????????? Blue Sky Action

• ???????????????pollution reasons
• ??????????????????,?????(??????1.2?/?),????,??????
  ???????????Disadvantageous weather condition
• ????????????????????????????????????????????????,?
  ???????????,???????????70????????Industrial city
• ??????????(3.5)????(25),????????????????????????
  900??,???2700?? high sulfur content (3.5), high
  ash content (25) large coal consumption (27
  million tons for the whole city and 9 million
  tons for the main districts)

9
??????????? Blue Sky Action

• 1??????? Industrial pollution control
• 1?19992000??????????,95????????????????????Above
  95 industrial pollution sources are required to
  meet emission standards since 1999
• 2? ?2005?,???18?????2040MW?????????????????,??????
  ?????????????????A total investment of 1.8
  billion yuan was used for installation of
  desulfurization facilities
• 3??????????????????????????44?????????????44
  high-polluting enterprises were closed down or
  moved out of the city
• 4???????????30??????????????????,??????????Central
  ized treatment of 30 industrial pollution sources
  was developed through support of national loans.

10
2?????????? Clean energy project
??????????? Blue Sky Action

• 2000???????????????????????????(???200013?),??
  ??600???????1153??????1500???????????????????????
  All of the coal-fired boilers in main urban
  districts were switched to clean fuels such as
  natural gas, LPG, electricity, etc.
• ?????2000????,2001?6?30??? Stared from 2000,
  ended on June 30 of 2001.
• ???3.8??(???????????8216??),??????136??,????????7.
  5???????3.4???????34?? a total investment of 380
  million yuan used for coal consumption reduction
  of 1.36 million tons, SO2 emission reduction of
  75,000 tons and dust emission reduction of 34,000
  tons.

11
3???????????? clean the air from five aspects
simultaneously
??????????? Blue Sky Action

• 2002??,???????????????????????????(???20022?)S
  tarted from the beginning of 2002
• ????????713???? Range main urban districts, 713
  km2
• ??????623?????7??????????????CNG?????????????????
  ???23???20???????????????????????19?????????????
  Five aspects polluting plants closing, buses and
  taxis switched to CNG, clean coal project for
  coal-fired boilers, reconstruction of the nude
  ground, closing or moving of 19 air-polluting
  enterprises
• ???????5959?????????? Municipal subsidy of 59.59
  million yuan was used for pollution control

12
4??????????? The further measures of dust control
??????????? Blue Sky Action

• 2003?,?????????????????????(????152?)Started
  from 2003
• ???????713???? Range main urban districts, 713
  km2
• ????????????,????????? 3500?????????????,????????
  ???1280?????????425?????????????83???(?)??????????
  ,??????????Five aspects street clean, blown-up
  dust control, clean transportation of leaking
  trucks,construction site dust control, cooking
  waste gas control, industrial kilns treatment,
  coal burning forbidden zones, vehicle emission
  control, scraping of black-smoke tailed vehicles
• 2004?????Ended at the end of 2004

13
5???????????
??????????? Blue Sky Action

• ???????????????,???????,???????
• ????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ???????????????????????????????????????????????
  ????????????????????????????????10??????????
• ?????????
• ???????????2000??

14
??????????? Blue Sky Action

• 6??????????????? Main results during the
  10th Five-Year plan period
• ????????????,????24??,??????????200??,??????11??,?
  ?????5.7??,?????1???A total investment of 2.4
  billion yuan used for coal consumption reduction
  of 2 million tons in central area, SO2 emission
  reduction of 110,000 tons, PM10 reduction of
  57,000 tons and NOx reduction of 10,000 tons
• ???????????????80?????450??/??????1996?(???)?321??
  /???,2005???73??/???,?????????0.22??SO2
  concentration has been decreased to 74 ug/m3 of
  2005 compared to 450ug/m3 in 1980s and 321ug/m3
  in 1996.

15
??????????? Blue Sky Action

• ??????????????1998??210??/??????2005??120??/???,??
  ????????0.2??PM10 concentration has been
  decreased to 120ug/m3 of 2005 compared to
  210ug/m3 of 1998
• ??????????????1998??11.4????2005??8.37??Dust
  deposition amount per month per square kilometers
  has been decreased to 83,700 tons of 2005
  compared to 114,000 tons of 1998
• 2004??1996????,??????????22.3??????2005???????,?45
  ?Acid rain frequency had been decreased by 22.3
  in 2004 compared to 1996, but it increased in
  2005
• 2005??????????????(PM10?SO2?NO2)???NO2????,???????
  ?? NO2 concentration was the only one meeting
  national standard among PM10, SO2 and NO2 in 2005

16
??????????? Blue Sky Action
17
??????????? Blue Sky Action

• ????????????????????(20052010?)???(???200541?
  ), 2005???????????,???????????????,???????????????
  ????????????2005???????????47?????????42?,?????5?,
  ????????????
• 20052010???????????????????????????,??2008???????
  ??????
• ???????????????????????????????,????2737?????

18
2005????????? Better air quality in 2005
??????????? Blue Sky Action

• 2005???????????????72.9(266?),?2004???6.5
  ????(??23?)??47???????????41 ?,?2000??????????????
  ?????????(????)???(???)??72.9 of days in 2005
  met grade II of NAAQS, up 6.5 compared with
  2004, and there were no grade IV and V days.
• ??????????????????????????2004?????15.5 ?35.4 ?
  28.4???????????27.1,?47??????????42?,?2004??5??T
  he annual concentration of PM10, SO2 and NO2
  decreased 15.5, 35.4 and 28.4 respectively.

19
1????????????
??????? Vehicle Emission Control

• ??2005??,?????????113??,????53??????46??????4??
  Chongqing has 1.13 million vehicles, with 530,000
  autos, 460,000 motorcycles and others
• ?????????46?? 460,000 units in central area
• ???37??,???6??,???3??
• ???????7800?,???12??
• ?5?,????????20?????,????????????24 The
  increasing rates of vehicle number are 20 for
  the whole city and 24 for the central area

20
2???????????? Current vehicle ownership
??????? Vehicle Emission Control

• 2005?,???????? for the whole city

buses
??
????
?????
Motorcycle
0.8
4.0
Small trucks
8.0
???
???
45.0
10.5
??
sedan
18.0
???
???
????
Agricultural vehicles
3.0
7.5
3.2
taxi
Medium buses
21
3????????????
??????? Vehicle Emission Control

• 2005?,????????????? for the central area

Agricultural vehicles and motorcycles
???
??????
sedan
??
??????
1.1
9.7
29.3
4.3
buses
?????
9.5
Light-duty trucks
????
10.6
taxi
????
???
Medium buses
30.2
5.4
22
4???????????
??????? Vehicle Emission Control

• 1992?????????????????????,2000???,2006????????????
  ????????,????????? Chongqing vehicle emission
  management center established in 2006
• 1998????????CNG???????? CNG vehicle work leading
  team established in 1998
• ?????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ???????????????? Examination organizations
• ???3?????????III(????III)???? 3 organizations
  capable of Euro III emission examination

23
5????????/???? I/M system--??????????????(??)???
??(??)
??????? Vehicle Emission Control
24
6?????????????
??????? Vehicle Emission Control

• 20022004?,???????????????????,1908???????????????
  ?1908 diesel buses removed out of central area
• 2003?9??,??????????1995?7?1??????9?????3.5????????
  ?????????????????CNG?,?2005???????3??,???????,????
  ??????
• ????????????????????

25
7?????????????
??????? Vehicle Emission Control

• ??2006?6?,?????????CNG???5600?,?????????94???????
  ?CNG???7100?,???????98? 94 of buses and 98 of
  taxis switched to CNG fueled
• 2005?,??????????????????
• 2005??,????????????????????CNG?? all of the new
  buses and taxis are CNG fueled from 2005
• 2005?9?,????615???????????????,?????CNG???

26
???CNG??? CNG Taxis
27
????CNG??? CNG Refueling Station
??????? Vehicle Emission Control
28
1???????????? Natural Gas Utilization--??????????
????????
??????????? SO2 Control Measures

• ??????????,???1/4,??????36?,??????????????2003????
  ????????37003800?????Rich in natural gas
  resource, accounting for one fourth of the
  national total
• 2004?,???????29.4????,?????????21.4????,?????8.1??
  ????????1153?10??????????1500?????300??????2??(?)?
  ?????8.9???? Natural gas consumption of 2004 is
  2.94 billion m3
• ??,??????58?CNG????3.2??CNG??????????(CNG)2.7????
  58 CNG refueling stations, 32,000 CNG vehicles
  which consumed 270 million m3

29
2?????????? Management of coal-fired pollution
sources
??????????? SO2 Control Measures

• ?????????????20??/????????????????????????
• ???????????????????,??????????
• ?????????,???????????,???????????,????????????????
  ????
• 2005????????????,?????????????????????????????????
  ?????

30
3?????????????coal burning forbidden zones
??????????? SO2 Control Measures

• ????119???(?)?83?????????,???????67???????????
• ????27?20??/?????????????II????,???????900?????,??
  ??????????
• ???2737?????????????????????

31
4??????????????Coal-fired boilers switched to
gas-fired
???????????

• ??????????????????????????? Preferential policies
• ?????????????????????????????????????????? Fees
  exemption
• ???????????????????,4??/??,????1.2?? Financial
  subsidy of 120 million yuan

32
5??????????? Emission Permit
??????????? SO2 Control Measures

• ?2002??2005??,???????????????????,???????????6400?
  ??,?????????????2000? 2000 enterprises emitting
  SO2 received emission permit
• ?2010?,?????2005????????????????10??,???11.2
  100,000 tons of SO2 will be reduced by 2010
  compared to 2005, equivalent to 11.2
• ???????????????,??????? SO2 reduction goal
  setting for all of the districts and counties
• ??????????????????????? Control of main polluting
  industries
• ????????? Local emission standards

33
6????? Suggestions
??????????? SO2 Control Measures

• (1)???????????????????????,???????????????????N
  ational guidelines for formulation of local plan
  on SO2 control of the 11th Five-Year Plan period
• (2)???1998?????????????????????Revision of Two
  Control Zones
• (3)????????????????200MW???????????????????Monito
  ring network for SO2 emission of coal-fired
  thermal power plant above 200MW
• (4)??????????????????,???????????Strengthening
  scientific research of SO2 pollution control in
  order to guide the local works

34
????????,??! Welcome to Chongqing Thank You!