POVERTY AND

1

• POVERTY AND
• HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT
• 2007
• Research and Analysis Working Group
• MKUKUTA Monitoring System

2

• CONTENTS
• Introduction
• Overall Trends Across Key Indicators
• Views of the People (2007)
• The Way Forward

3

• Introduction
• PHDR is MKUKUTA Monitoring System output
• Prepared by Research and Analysis Working Group
• Produced every two years, this is the 4th since
  2001
• It is organised around two broad areas
• The status of growth, poverty and development
• The theme of growth to generate discussion about
  a national growth strategy

4
Introduction cont.

• The status takes two perspectives
• Conventional sources census and surveys and
  routine data
• Views of the People (survey 2007)
• This presentation provides a broad view of the
  PHDR. Parallel sessions tomorrow

5

• Overall Trends Across Key Indicators
• Cluster 1 Growth Income poverty
• Reasonable growth from 1995-2003 relatively
  strong macro economy
• Yet, growth has a slow trajectory since the early
  1990s
• Key macro-economic indicators show signs of slow
  slippage since 2002/03.
• Current estimates on income poverty and
  distribution await HBS 2007 results
• Unemployment (ILFS 2006) is a challenge
  especially in urban areas (youth women)

6

• Cluster 2 Quality of life and Social well-being
• Performance varies across sectors and within
  sectors
• Education indicators largely positive trends
• Health indicators are mixed
• Infant Under-five mortality on the right
  trajectory.
• Yet maternal health, has no improvements since
  the early 1990s
• Water and sanitation targets may not be met
• Challenges conflicting data, geographic
  disparity, quality of services

7

• Cluster 3 Governance/accountability
• Performance varies by indicator
• Gender equity improvements in the civil service
• Compliance with the Public Procurement Act and
  procedures improved
• Prisoners in remand decreased Juveniles detained
  in remand homes decreased.
• Public confidence in the governments fight
  against corruption, and incumbents capacities to
  implement policies of public interest.
• Corruption cases increased. Police and legal
  system perceived as most corrupt services.
• Infringement of human rights cases increased
  since 2003
• Challenge is to determine if negative results
  reflect problems or increased awareness and
  expectations.

8

• Views of the People 2007
• 7,850 Tanzanians, aged 7 - 90 years in 10
  mainland regions. Peoples views on economic
  progress, standards of living, quality and
  accessibility to social services, and governance
• Opinion surveys may reveal results that differ
  from data from more conventional surveys, like
  the HBS.
• Mixed results (some conventional, some raise
  questions)
• Generally, fewer people think they are enjoying
  the fruits of economic growth, compared to those
  who see their livelihoods getting worse.
• All income groups, including the wealthiest,
  perceived falling rather than rising living
  standards and increases in cost of living.
• Majority of farmers, pastoralists, and fishers
  consider that they receive limited support.

9

• Popular appreciation of investment in education,
  although quality is of concern.
• However, health care and water supply services
  are worsening the cost of medical treatment and
  drug availability were major impediments. Many
  senior citizens have difficulty accessing health
  services.
• Many say government is doing a good job in
  combating corruption. But it is a major problem,
  affecting many people and amounts involved are
  high

10

• The Way Forward
• Tanzania faces opportunities and challenges.
• The PHDR highlights the need for
• faster and more sustainable growth
• A clear, coherent and prioritized growth
  strategy.
• It does not mean Tanzania has taken the wrong
  path in the management of the economy and
  priority given to public investments in social
  sectors (i.e. education, health, water).
• This direction has been necessary given the state
  of development at the start of the new Millennium
• Yet it is important to begin to recognize that
  STRATEGIC CHOICES are now needed to increase the
  pace of growth and development.

11

• While human development is fundamental,
• What investment choices are needed in the social
  sectors to support Tanzanias growth strategy?
• Investments in the social sectors need to link
  and mutually re-enforce priorities in the
  national growth strategy.
• Growth needs to provide the context for future
  social service development.
• This new path of public financing should ensure
  BASIC LEVELS of provision for ALL, supplemented
  by STRATEGIC CHOICES that underpin growth.
• Other Sector policies have to be re-aligned to
  the national growth strategy, so as to determine
  strategic choices of investment.

12

• In summary
• The central message is
• Strategic choices need to be made, and
• Prioritization is essential if growth is to be
  quickened and be sustained
• Investment in human resource must respond to the
  needs of the national growth strategy.
• Other countries experiences, as well as our own,
  inform us that strategic choices must be made.

13

• THANK YOU